Exam (elaborations) NR 509 - Advanced Physical Assessment

Physical Assessment Quiz 2 1. Question : The nurse is reviewing theories of illness. The germ theory, which states that microscopic organisms such as bacteria and viruses are responsible for specific disease conditions, is a basic belief of which theory of illness? Student Answer: Holistic Biomedical Naturalistic Magicoreligious Instructor Explanation: Among the biomedical explanations for disease is the germ theory, which states that microscopic organisms such as bacteria and viruses are responsible for specific disease conditions. The naturalistic, or holistic, perspective holds that the forces of nature must be kept in natural balance. The magicoreligious perspective holds that supernatural forces dominate and cause illness or health. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: Question 2.Question : In the hot/cold theory, illnesses are believed to be caused by hot or cold entering the body. Which of these patients’ conditions is most consistent with a “cold” condition? Student Answer: Diabetic patient with renal failure Teenager with an abscessed tooth Child with symptoms of itching and a rash Elderly male with gastrointestinal discomfort Instructor Explanation: Illnesses believed to be caused by cold entering the body include earache, chest cramps, gastrointestinal discomfort, rheumatism, and tuberculosis. Those illnesses believed to be caused by heat, or overheating, include sore throats, abscessed teeth, rashes, and kidney disorders. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: Question 3.Question : The nurse is conducting a heritage assessment. Which question is most appropriate for this assessment? Student Answer: “What is your religion?” “Do you mostly participate in the religious traditions of your family?” “Do you smoke?” “Do you have a history of heart disease?” Instructor Explanation: Ask questions about participation in the religious traditions of family in order to assess a person’s heritage. Simply asking about one’s religion, smoking history, or health history does not reflect heritage. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: Question 4.Question : The nurse is comparing the concepts of religion and spirituality. Which of the following is an appropriate component of one’s spirituality? Student Answer: Belief in and the worship of God or gods Attendance at a specific church A personal effort to find purpose and meaning in life Spirituality is closely tied to one’s ethnic background Instructor Explanation: Spirituality refers to each person’s unique life experience and his or her personal effort to find purpose and meaning in life. The other responses apply to religion. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: Question 5.Question : The nurse is reviewing the hot/cold theory of health and illness. Which statement best describes the basic tenets of this theory? Student Answer: The causation of illness is based on supernatural forces that influence the humors of the body. Herbs and medicines are classified on their physical characteristics of hot and cold and the humors of the body. The four humors of the body consist of blood, yellow bile, spiritual connectedness, and social aspects of the individual. The treatment of disease consists of adding or subtracting cold, heat, dryness, or wetness to restore the balance of the humors of the body. Instructor Explanation: The hot/cold theory of health and illness is based on the four humors of the body: blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. These humors regulate the basic bodily functions, described in terms of temperature, dryness, and moisture. The treatment of disease consists of adding or subtracting cold, heat, dryness, or wetness to restore the balance of the humors. The other statements are not correct. Points Received: 2 of 2 Comments: Question 6.Question : An elderly Mexican-American woman with traditional beliefs has been admitted to an inpatient care unit. A culturally-sensitive nurse would Student Answer: contact the hospital administrator about the best course of action. automatically get a curandero for her because it is not culturally appropriate for her to request one. further assess the patient’s cultural beliefs and offer the patient assistance in contacting a curandero or priest if she desires. ask the family what they would like to do because MexicanAmericans traditionally give control of decisions to their families. Instructor Explanation: In addition to seeking help from the biomedical/scientific healthcare provider, patients may also seek help from folk or religious healers. Some people, such as those of Mexican-American or American-Indian origins, may believe that the cure is incomplete unless the body, mind, and spirit are also healed (although the division of the person into parts is a Western concept).