ATI Mental Health Final Study Guide

Theories and Therapies •Freud oPsychoanalysis: therapeutic process pf assessing unconscious thoughts and feelings and resolving conflict ▪Past relationships are the common focus ▪Disadvantage: lengthy oPersonality structure ▪Id: pleasure principle and reflex action (think hungry newborn crying) ▪Ego: problem solver and reality tester ▪Superego: moral component of personality oDefense mechanisms and anxiety ▪Operate at an unconscious level ▪Defense mechanisms work by denying, falsifying, or distorting reality to make it less threatening oExperience during the early stages of life determine how you react ▪Individuals’ lifetime adjustment patterns ▪Personality traits oTransference vs countertransference •Erikson o8 stages of development ▪Infancy (0-1 ½ yrs) – Trust vs mistrust ▪Early Childhood (1 ½ - 3 yrs) – Autonomy vs shame and doubt ▪Preschool (3-6 yrs) – Initiative vs guilt ▪School age (6-12 yrs) – Industry vs inferiority ▪Adolescence (12-20 yrs) – Identity vs role confusion ▪Early Adulthood (20-35 yrs) – Intimacy vs isolation ▪Middle Adulthood (35-65 yrs) – Generativity vs self-absorption ▪Later Years (65+ yrs) – Integrity vs despair oDevelopment model we use in the nursing assessment oHelps to determine what types of nursing interventions are most likely to be effective •Sullivan oFoundation for Hildegard Peplau’s theory oPurpose of all your client’s behavior is to get their needs met through interpersonal interactions and to reduce or avoid anxiety oProposed that the nurse-client relationship “facilitates forward movement” for the nurse and the client oProcess of nurse working with client is to: ▪Facilitate the client’s boundary management