Exam (elaborations) TEST BANK FOR Analysis, Synthesis and Design of Chemical Processes 3rd Edition By Richard Turton, Richard C. Bailie, Wallace B. Whiting and Joseph A. Shaeiwitz (Solution Manual)

Block Flow Diagram (BFD) Process Flow Diagram (PFD) Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P&ID) (a) PFD (b) BFD (c) PFD or P&ID (d) P&ID (e) P&ID 1.2 P&ID 1.3 It is important for a process engineer to be able to review a 3-dimensional model prior to the construction phase to check for clearance, accessibility, and layout of equipment, piping, and instrumentation. 1.4 (1) Clearance for tube bundle removal on a heat exchanger. (2) NPSH on a pump – affects the vertical separation of feed vessel and pump inlet. (3) Accessibility of an instrument for an operator – must be able to read a PI or change/move a valve. (4) Separation between equipment for safety reasons – reactors and compressors. (5) Crane access for removing equipment. (6) Vertical positioning of equipment to allow for gravity flow of liquid. (7) Hydrostatic head for thermosiphon reboiler – affects height of column skirt. 1.5 Plastic models are no longer made because they are too expensive and difficult to change/revise. These models have been replaced with virtual/E-model using 3-D CAD. Both types of model allow revision of critical equipment and instrument placement to ensure access, operability, and safety. 1.6 Another reason to elevate the bottom of a tower is to provide enough hydrostatic head driving force to operate a thermosiphon reboiler. 1-1 1.7 (a) PFD or P&ID (b) PFD (c) PFD (d) P&ID (e) BFD (or all PFDs) 1.8 A pipe rack provides a clear path for piping within and between processes. It keeps piping off the ground to eliminate tripping hazards and elevates it above roads to allow vehicle access. 1.9 A structure – mounted vertical plant layout is preferred when land is at a premium and the process must have a small foot print. The disadvantage is that it is more costly because of the additional structural steel. 1.10 (a) BFD – No change PFD – Efficiency changed on fired heater, resize any heat exchanger used to extract heat from the flue gas (economizer) P&ID – Resize fuel and combustion air lines and instrumentation for utilities to fired heater. Changes for design changed of economizer (if present) (b) BFD – Change flow of waste stream in overall material balance PFD – Change stream table P&ID – Change pipe size and any instrumentation for this process line (c) BFD – No change PFD – Add a spare drive, e.g. D-301 → D-301 A/B P&ID – Add parallel drive (d) BFD – No change PFD – No change P&ID – Note changes of valves on diagram 1.11 (a) A new vessel number need not be used, but it would be good practice to add a letter to donate a new vessel, e.g. V-203 → V-203N. This will enable an engineer to locate the new process vessel sheet and vendor information. (b) P&ID definitely PFD change/add the identifying letter.