Cellular Biology Huether and McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology,5th Edition

1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student? The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome is characteristic of prokaryotic cells, which do not have histones. Free-floating nuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotic cells have membrane bounded cellular components called organelles. No organelles describes a prokaryotic cell. 2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy? The ability of the cell to absorb oxygen refers to the cell’s function of respiration. a. A single circular chromosome b. A nucleus c. Free-floating nuclear material d. No organelles a. Metabolic absorption b. Communication c. Secretion d. RespirationThe ability of the cell to function within a society of cells refers to its function of communication. 3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained? 4. The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior. According to this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid lipid bilayer? 5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors? a. Oxygen b. Ribosomes c. Amphipathic lipids d. Ligands 6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What finding would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? Alterations in extracellular matrix that include: 7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in direct physical contact? a. Decreased fibronectin b. Increased collagen c. Decreased elastin d. Increased glycoproteinsa. Cell junction b. Gap junction c. Desmosomes d. Tight junctions REF: p. 9 8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signaling types? 9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a: a. Paracrine b. Autocrine c. Neurohormonal d. Hormonala. Solute b. Substrate c. Receptor d. Ribosome 10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract. The athlete asks the nurse why this happened. How should the nurse respond? A deficiency in can cause impaired muscle contraction. a. GTP b. AMP c. ATP d. GMP