NURSE 395 - Pathophysiology Quizzes Unit 1 and 4. Questions and Answers.

NURSE 395 - Pathophysiology Quizzes Unit 1 and 4. Questions and Answers. Question 1: The student is examining a tissue sample with a microscope. The student decides that it is squamous keratinized tissue. Which type of epithelial tissue is the student viewing? You selected: Stratified epithelium Correct Explanation: Stratified, squamous keratinized epithelium makes up the epidermis of the skin. Simple epithelium is found in the lining of blood vessels, lymph nodes, and alveoli of the lungs. Gl ... (more) Question 2: Which hormone messenger moves directly across the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane and is transported to the cell nucleus? You selected: Thyroid hormones Correct Explanation: Some messengers, such as thyroid hormone and steroid hormones, do not bind to membrane receptors but move directly across the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane and are transported to the cell nucleus, where they influence DNA activity. (less) Question 3: Which form of signal transduction resulting from ligand-receptor binding has the potential to produce effects in the entire body system? You selected: Endocrine Correct Explanation: Cells communicate in several ways. In autocrine signaling a cell releases a chemical to the extracellular fluid which changes its own activity. In paracrine signaling a cell releases a chemical to the extracellular fluid, but enzymes rapidly metabolize the chemicals so they only act on nearby cells. In endocrine signaling the cells release chemical mediators (hormones) that enter the bloodstream, then bind to cell receptors throughout the body. A ligand is a substance with a high affinity for the receptor. (less) Question 4: Select the main function of nervous tissue. You selected: Communication Correct Explanation: Nervous tissue is designed for communication purposes and includes the neurons, the supporting neural structures, and the ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain and the spinal canal. Muscle tissue is a specialized tissue designed for contractility. Connective tissue supports and connects body structures. (less) Question 5: When discussing the various functions of the cellular parts, the pathophysiology professor asks a group of students, "Where are the primary sites of protein synthesis located in a cell?" Which student response is correct? You selected: Endoplasmic reticulum Correct Explanation: The endoplasmic reticulum (with its associated ribosomes) and Golgi apparatus represent the primary sites of protein synthesis in the cell. Question 6: A patient experiencing immotile cilia syndrome should be frequently assessed by the nurse for which priority complication? You selected: Bronchiectasis due to interferences with clearance of inhaled bacteria along the respiratory tract. Correct Explanation: immotile cilia syndrome immobilizes the cilia of the respiratory tract, thus interfering with clearance of inhaled bacteria, leading to the chronic lung disease called bronchiectasis. (less) Question 7: The nurse is aware of the importance of potassium and sodium for normal physiologic functions of a client. The rapid movement of potassium and sodium in actions is known as: You selected: Primary active transport Correct Explanation: Substances transported by primary active transport are sodium, potassium, calcium, and hydrogen ions. The active transport system studied in the greatest detail is the sodium/potassium (Na+/K+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) membrane pump. Exocytosis is the mechanism for the secretion of intracellular substances into the extracellular spaces. Vesicular transport is a mechanism in which materials are transported in membrane-bound vesicles. Endocytosis occurs when materials are moved into a cell in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane. (less) Question 8: The nurse is explaining the