Adelphi UniversityNUR 0302-481disgnostic studies.

Colonoscopy • An endoscopic examination of the entire colon uses a colonoscope inserted into the rectum. • Preparation is similar to that for barium enema: clear liquids the day before and then some form of bowel cleanser such as GoLytely. Enemas until clear are also common. • Light sedation is required Flexible Sigmoidoscopy • An examination of the interior of the sigmoid colon with a flexible or rigid lighted tube. • Preparation is similar to that for a barium enema or colonoscopy. • Light sedation is required Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan: • Painless, noninvasive x-ray procedure • Distinguishes minor differences in the density of tissues • Produces a three-dimensional image of organ or structure • More sensitive than the x-ray machine Positron emission tomography (PET Scan) • Involves the injection or inhalation of a radioisotope • Images created as the radioisotope distributed in the body • Allows study of various aspects of organ function • May include evaluation of blood flow and tumor growth Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): • Noninvasive diagnostic scanning technique is placed in a magnetic field • Clients with implanted devices (e.g. pacemaker, metal hip prosthesis) cannot undergo MRI because of strong magnetic field • No exposure to radiation • Client must lie very still • 2 way communication system for monitoring & relieve feelings of claustrophobia • Earplugs maybe used for the loud noises that occur during the test • Procedure lasts 60-90 minutes • Provides a better contrast between normal and abnormal tissue than the CT scan