BIOS 135 LAB REPORT FORMAT FOR MODELCHEM LABS

BIOS 135 LAB REPORT FORMAT FOR MODELCHEM LABS I. Title Crude Oil Distillation Week 3 iLab II. Introduction Crude oil is the combination of gasoline, kerosene, lubricating oils, and other non-volatile liquids. In the following lab, we will be conducting a distillation experiment of crude oil. We should be able to observe how the chemical properties of the components of crude oil influences temperature at which it distills out of the crude oil. With distillation, we are able to remove impurities like distilled water and sepearate liquids as well. It allows us to separate substances based on boiling point, in which our case, we will be boiling crude oil in order to separate its components. When the boiling poin is reached, the liquid will vaporize into the distillation apparatus. It will then cool down, condense, and eventually drip out of the apparatus and into the container. The process of distillation is completed through heating the lquid substance and turning it into vapor. When it is vaporized, we use the condensor to convert the vapor into a liquid state afterwards. The components in crude oil are separated from based on different boiling points for the respected component. Elements that have lower boiling points would distill first while other elements with higher boiling points would distill last. When fractional distillation is used, volatile/non-volatile elements may be left behind during distillation. Fractional distillation is done through a certain machine that allows various columns and outlets in order to separate certain elements from being heated. Crude oil is made of the following: 27% gasoline, 41% lubricating oils, and 32% kerosene. It starts distilling the gasoline at first, followed by the kerosene, and lubricating oils last because of their boiling points (gasoline has the lowest boiling point of the three). After distilling the crude oil, we end up having a light brown material that is 5 mL. During the mid section of the experiment, the distillate will turn light gray near 25 mL, and with the given, we managed to conclude that the gasoline and kerosene weighed to be 1.038 g/mL and 1.00 g/mL. III. Procedure Step 1 Set up distillation apparatus. • From the Equipment menu, select Distillation equipment. • Obtain 100 mL round bottom flask. • Right click on the flask, select Heating Mantle from the Distillation equipment. • Right click on the flask, and select Distillation Head from Distillation equipment. • Right click on the flask, and select Condenser from Distillation equipment.