Summary NR 226 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Summary NR 226 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE NR 226 Final Exam Study Outline (62 Pages with all Answers) The Nursing Process 5 Steps of the Nursing Process (ADPIE) Assessment Phases of interview/assessment Methods of obtaining data Subjective Data Objective Data Diagnosis Identify components of the nursing diagnostic statement Identify assessment findings, goals, interventions, evaluations appropriate to a specific nursing diagnosis. Planning Components of goal/outcome statement Implementation Independent nursing interventions Dependent nursing interventions Direct care activities Indirect care activities Evaluation Elements of the evaluation process Professional Practice Delegation 5 rights Right task – ones that are repetitive and require little supervision, relatively noninvasive, results that are predictable, minimal risk (ex: specimen collection, ambulating stable pts, prepping room for pt. admit) Right Circumstances – patient setting, available resources Right person – make sure that the tasks match the person’s level of expertise Right Direction / Communication – give clear, concise descriptions of the task including its objective, limits, and expectations Right Supervision/ Evaluation – provide appropriate monitoring, evaluation, intervention when needed, and feedback supervision Prioritization of care – organization of vison of desired outcomes for a patient Nursing care delivery model Management of patient care Leadership Ethics Code of Ethics Understand, give examples of terms Guidelines for ethical decision making Legal issues in nursing Nurse Practice Acts Regulatory law, Standards of care The American Nurses Association Nursing standards of care Errors ADA EMTALA (Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act) Living will Durable power of attorney Health care surrogate Organ donation Minor child Consent Use of restraints Older Adult Expected physical changes Expected Cognitive Changes Goals for care of cognitively impaired older adults Nursing Process Pain Assessment of pain: Patient’s expression of pain Characteristics of pain Onset and duration Location Intensity Quality Pattern Relief measures Contributing symptoms Effects of pain on the patient Factors affecting/influencing pain perception Physiological Social Psychological Pain tolerance Cultural Pain scales Cultural considerations Implications for Patient-Centered Care Tolerance & Addiction Goals for pain management Patient teaching regarding pain management Implementation Health Promotion Maintaining Wellness Non-pharmacologic interventions Nonpharmacological pain relief interventions Evaluation of effectiveness of interventions Behavioral Indicators of Effects of Pain Vocalizations Facial Expressions Body Movement Social Interaction Grief Criteria for hospice care, palliative care (pg. 761) Post mortem care, when autopsy required (pg. 765) Cultural considerations for death, dying, post-mortem care (pg.767, 755) Kubler-Ross stages of dying (DABDA pg. 753) Factors influencing loss and grief (pg.753-756) Communication/care of patient and significant others (761-763) Nursing diagnoses related to grief/death & dying (pg. 757) Steps for Care of the Body after Death (Box 37-11) Sleep Functions/ Purposes of sleep Factors that affect sleep Factors that promote sleep/Sleep hygiene Nursing diagnoses related to sleep Sleep disorders & related assessment and nursing care Insomnia Sleep Apnea Narcolepsy Conducting Sleep assessment/ Sleep history Tools for Sleep Assessment. Sleep History. Description of Sleeping Problems. Sleep requirements based on developmental stage Symptoms that occur with lack of sleep Bowel Elimination Assessment of bowel function Causes of diarrhea, constipation Nursing diagnoses related to bowel elimination Interventions to promote bowel elimination Ostomy assessments, care, teaching Hemoccult testing Enema administration Bowel training program Fluid & Electrolytes, Acid/Base Perioperative Nursing Preoperative phase Factors that can increase risk for complications in surgery Procedures pre-op Intraoperative phase Role of the nurse Postoperative phase Prevention of post-op complications Diet progression post-op Teaching for each phase Pre-Op Intra-Op Post-Op Med Calc – to include simple drop rates Conversion within metric (grams-milligrams-micrograms)