MN551 Quiz 3 and 4 Cardiovascular.
3 - structure and function of the cardiovascular system
4 - structure and function of the respiratory system
Question 1. The nurse practitioner for a cardiology practice is responsible for providing
presurgical teaching for patients who are about to undergo a coronary artery bypass graft.
Which of the following teaching points best conveys an aspect of the human circulatory system?
“Your blood pressure varies widely between arteries and veins, and between pulmonary
and systemic circulation.”
Question 2. Which of the short term and long term compensatory mechanisms is least likely
to decrease the symptoms of his heart failure?
AV node pacemaking activity and vagal nerve suppression
Question 3. A physical assessment of a 28-year-old female patient indicates that her blood
pressure in her legs is lower than that in her arms and that her brachial pulse is weaker in her left
arm than in her right. In addition, her femoral pulses are weak bilaterally. Which of the following
possibilities would her care provider be most likely to suspect? (Points : 3)
Coarctation of the aorta
Question 4. As part of the diagnostic workup for a male patient with a complex history of
cardiovascular disease, the care team has identified the need for a record of the electrical
activity of his heart, insight into the metabolism of his myocardium, and physical measurements,
and imaging of his heart. Which of the following series of tests is most likely to provide the
needed data for his diagnosis and care? (Points : 3)
Echocardiogram, PET scan, ECG
Question 5. An older adult female patient has presented with a new onset of shortness of
breath, and the patient's nurse practitioner has ordered measurement of her BNP levels
along with other diagnostic tests. What is the most accurate rationale for the nurse practitioner's
choice of blood work? (Points : 3)
BNP is released as a compensatory mechanism during heart failure and measuring it can help
differentiate the patient's dyspnea from a respiratory pathology.
1
,Question 6. A patient in the intensive care unit has a blood pressure of 87/39 and has warm,
flushed skin accompanying his sudden decline in level of consciousness. The patient also has
arterial and venous dilation and a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. What is this patient's
most likely diagnosis? (Points : 3)
Septic shock
Question 7. A number of patients have presented to the emergency department in the last
24 hours with complaints that are preliminarily indicative of myocardial infarction. Which of the
following patients is least likely to have an ST-segment myocardial infarction (STEMI)? (Points :
3)
A 71-year-old man who has moist skin, fever, and chest pain that is excruciating when he
moves but relieved when at rest
Question 8. A 54-year-old man with a long-standing diagnosis of essential hypertension is
meeting with his nurse practitioner. The patient's nurse practitioner would anticipate that which
of the following phenomena is most likely occurring? (Points : 3)
The conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II in his lungs causes increases in blood
pressure and sodium reabsorption.
Question 9. A 66-year-old obese man with a diagnosis of ischemic heart disease has been
diagnosed with heart failure that his care team has characterized as attributable to systolic
dysfunction. Which of the following assessment findings is inconsistent with his diagnosis?
(Points : 3)
Ventricular dilation and wall tension are significantly lower than normal.
Question 10. Which of the following assessment findings in a newly admitted 30-year-old male
patient would be most likely to cause his nurse practitioner to suspect polyarteritis nodosa?
(Points : 3)
The man's blood pressure is 178/102 and he has abnormal liver function tests
Question 11. A 6-year-old boy has been brought to the emergency department by ambulance
after his mother discovered that his heart rate was “so fast I couldn't even count it.” The child
was determined to be in atrial flutter and his mother is seeking an explanation from the health
care team. Which of the following points should underlie an explanation to the mother? (Points :
3)
The child is experiencing a reentry rhythm in his right atrium. / Atrial Flutter
2
, Question 12. A patient has suffered damage to his pericardium following a motor vehicle
accident. Which of the following consequences should the nurse practitioner be most likely to
rule out? (Points : 3)
Impaired regulation of myocardial contraction
Question 13. Which of the following situations related to the transition from fetal to perinatal
circulation would be most likely to necessitate medical intervention? (Points : 3)
Pulmonary vascular resistance, related to muscle regression in the pulmonary arteries,
rises over the course of the infant's first week.
Question 14. A 70-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department complaining of
pain in his calf that is exacerbated when he walks. His pedal and popliteal pulses are faintly
palpable and his leg distal to the pain is noticeably reddened. What would his care provider's
preliminary diagnosis and anticipated treatment most likely be? (Points : 3)
Atherosclerotic occlusive disease necessitating thrombolytic therapy
Question 15. A patient is experiencing impaired circulation secondary to increased systemic
arterial pressure. Which of the following statements is the most relevant phenomenon? (Points :
3)
High afterload because of backpressure against the left ventricle
Question 16. A nurse practitioner is providing care for several patients on a medical unit of a
hospital. In which of the following patient situations would the nurse practitioner be most likely
to rule out hypertension as a contributing factor? (Points : 3)
A 61-year-old man who has a heart valve infection and recurrent fever
Question 17. A formerly normotensive woman, pregnant for the first time, develops
hypertension and headaches at 26 weeks' gestation. Her blood pressure is 154/110 mm Hg and
she has proteinuria. What other labs should be ordered for her? (Points : 3)
Platelet count, serum creatinine, and liver enzymes
3
3 - structure and function of the cardiovascular system
4 - structure and function of the respiratory system
Question 1. The nurse practitioner for a cardiology practice is responsible for providing
presurgical teaching for patients who are about to undergo a coronary artery bypass graft.
Which of the following teaching points best conveys an aspect of the human circulatory system?
“Your blood pressure varies widely between arteries and veins, and between pulmonary
and systemic circulation.”
Question 2. Which of the short term and long term compensatory mechanisms is least likely
to decrease the symptoms of his heart failure?
AV node pacemaking activity and vagal nerve suppression
Question 3. A physical assessment of a 28-year-old female patient indicates that her blood
pressure in her legs is lower than that in her arms and that her brachial pulse is weaker in her left
arm than in her right. In addition, her femoral pulses are weak bilaterally. Which of the following
possibilities would her care provider be most likely to suspect? (Points : 3)
Coarctation of the aorta
Question 4. As part of the diagnostic workup for a male patient with a complex history of
cardiovascular disease, the care team has identified the need for a record of the electrical
activity of his heart, insight into the metabolism of his myocardium, and physical measurements,
and imaging of his heart. Which of the following series of tests is most likely to provide the
needed data for his diagnosis and care? (Points : 3)
Echocardiogram, PET scan, ECG
Question 5. An older adult female patient has presented with a new onset of shortness of
breath, and the patient's nurse practitioner has ordered measurement of her BNP levels
along with other diagnostic tests. What is the most accurate rationale for the nurse practitioner's
choice of blood work? (Points : 3)
BNP is released as a compensatory mechanism during heart failure and measuring it can help
differentiate the patient's dyspnea from a respiratory pathology.
1
,Question 6. A patient in the intensive care unit has a blood pressure of 87/39 and has warm,
flushed skin accompanying his sudden decline in level of consciousness. The patient also has
arterial and venous dilation and a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. What is this patient's
most likely diagnosis? (Points : 3)
Septic shock
Question 7. A number of patients have presented to the emergency department in the last
24 hours with complaints that are preliminarily indicative of myocardial infarction. Which of the
following patients is least likely to have an ST-segment myocardial infarction (STEMI)? (Points :
3)
A 71-year-old man who has moist skin, fever, and chest pain that is excruciating when he
moves but relieved when at rest
Question 8. A 54-year-old man with a long-standing diagnosis of essential hypertension is
meeting with his nurse practitioner. The patient's nurse practitioner would anticipate that which
of the following phenomena is most likely occurring? (Points : 3)
The conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II in his lungs causes increases in blood
pressure and sodium reabsorption.
Question 9. A 66-year-old obese man with a diagnosis of ischemic heart disease has been
diagnosed with heart failure that his care team has characterized as attributable to systolic
dysfunction. Which of the following assessment findings is inconsistent with his diagnosis?
(Points : 3)
Ventricular dilation and wall tension are significantly lower than normal.
Question 10. Which of the following assessment findings in a newly admitted 30-year-old male
patient would be most likely to cause his nurse practitioner to suspect polyarteritis nodosa?
(Points : 3)
The man's blood pressure is 178/102 and he has abnormal liver function tests
Question 11. A 6-year-old boy has been brought to the emergency department by ambulance
after his mother discovered that his heart rate was “so fast I couldn't even count it.” The child
was determined to be in atrial flutter and his mother is seeking an explanation from the health
care team. Which of the following points should underlie an explanation to the mother? (Points :
3)
The child is experiencing a reentry rhythm in his right atrium. / Atrial Flutter
2
, Question 12. A patient has suffered damage to his pericardium following a motor vehicle
accident. Which of the following consequences should the nurse practitioner be most likely to
rule out? (Points : 3)
Impaired regulation of myocardial contraction
Question 13. Which of the following situations related to the transition from fetal to perinatal
circulation would be most likely to necessitate medical intervention? (Points : 3)
Pulmonary vascular resistance, related to muscle regression in the pulmonary arteries,
rises over the course of the infant's first week.
Question 14. A 70-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department complaining of
pain in his calf that is exacerbated when he walks. His pedal and popliteal pulses are faintly
palpable and his leg distal to the pain is noticeably reddened. What would his care provider's
preliminary diagnosis and anticipated treatment most likely be? (Points : 3)
Atherosclerotic occlusive disease necessitating thrombolytic therapy
Question 15. A patient is experiencing impaired circulation secondary to increased systemic
arterial pressure. Which of the following statements is the most relevant phenomenon? (Points :
3)
High afterload because of backpressure against the left ventricle
Question 16. A nurse practitioner is providing care for several patients on a medical unit of a
hospital. In which of the following patient situations would the nurse practitioner be most likely
to rule out hypertension as a contributing factor? (Points : 3)
A 61-year-old man who has a heart valve infection and recurrent fever
Question 17. A formerly normotensive woman, pregnant for the first time, develops
hypertension and headaches at 26 weeks' gestation. Her blood pressure is 154/110 mm Hg and
she has proteinuria. What other labs should be ordered for her? (Points : 3)
Platelet count, serum creatinine, and liver enzymes
3
