ETH203Q
SEMESTER 2 UNIQUE NO. 610568
QUESTION 1:
1.1 definition and discussion:
Vocational Guidance:
It is the guidance and assistance one receives (usually at a young age) in choosing a career that is
optimal to the individual’s skills and interests.
Differentiated teaching:
This is a method of teaching where you acknowledge that each learner in the classroom is different
and that each one interprets the work differently. You as teacher you assess and anticipate the
different learners’ learning abilities and responds to the variety of needs presented in the classroom.
The learning needs of the learners are met as the teacher modifies the content and all teaching
aspects to teach the learners on their level of understanding.
Composite approach:
Teaching a composite class, means that there is more than one grade in one class sitting. According
to Alan J. Watson [133:164 2006], teaching in a composite classroom requires a whole new set of
skills and knowledge from ordinary class teaching.
Language Deficiency:
According to Yomana Chandran [2014], when a learner has trouble learning language in the absence
of any other mental, emotional or physical deficits – it’s called language deficiency. The trouble in
learning languages means that the learner has trouble, with a “significant delay” [Chandran Y. 2014]
in speaking, reading and writing the language.
The Aggressive Learner:
These are students who show aggressive and hostile behaviours towards others (teachers and other
learners). A learner’s aggression has a wide range of various triggers that causes the aggression and
hostility. “They often have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, emotional or behavioural
disorders, or are below grade level in achievement. They are capable of dominating and controlling
others through intimidation and irrational, often explosive behaviour,” says Anon. [Building Family
Resilience. 133:200 8 Jan 2016]
, 1.2 definition and discussion:
Physical Factors:
These are the factors such as the learners’ physical bodies that are subject to change as they grow
older. It also consists of their reaction on the environment and the effect the environment in which
they have been placed, has on them.
Cognitive Factors:
The cognitive factors in a learner is their knowledge and understanding of their surroundings and
how they interact with it. It’s their ability to learn more from those around them (in their immediate
surroundings). They explore and learn from their environment from interacting and becoming
involved with the people and things in their surroundings – they do this by giving meaning to the
things in their environment through interacting with them. When interacting and exploring their
environment and immediate surroundings they use their cognitive faculties, such as perception,
representation, thinking and memory.
Affective Factors:
“Affect refers to the emotional interpretation of perceptions, information, or knowledge.” [W. Huitt,
1999]
How a person feels and their emotional reaction to their environment is also known as how they’re
“affected” by their surroundings. These feelings and emotions affect a person’s mood and
sentiments – which is what makes us human. A learner’s affective experiences in the classroom is
what encourages, or discourages their cooperation in a class event – such as discussions – depending
on the affective experience’s level of pleasantness or unpleasantness. If a learner feels unpleasantly
affected they would show less cooperation than when they feel pleasantly affected by their
environment and surroundings.
Conative Factors:
Bagozzi (1992) proposes that conation is necessary to explain how knowledge and emotion are
translated into behaviour in human beings. Conation refers to the intentional and personal
motivation of behaviour. It’s described as human will that is the subconscious drive behind all
human behaviour. Bagozzi (1992) also formulated that it is the combination of the striving instinct,
reason, and targeted goals that results in different levels of commitment and action. For instance in
learners it would mean to strive for the academic or sport results that they have pinned for
themselves as a goal to achieve.
Normative Factors:
This means that a person is able to live harmoniously with others by conforming to certain norms,
SEMESTER 2 UNIQUE NO. 610568
QUESTION 1:
1.1 definition and discussion:
Vocational Guidance:
It is the guidance and assistance one receives (usually at a young age) in choosing a career that is
optimal to the individual’s skills and interests.
Differentiated teaching:
This is a method of teaching where you acknowledge that each learner in the classroom is different
and that each one interprets the work differently. You as teacher you assess and anticipate the
different learners’ learning abilities and responds to the variety of needs presented in the classroom.
The learning needs of the learners are met as the teacher modifies the content and all teaching
aspects to teach the learners on their level of understanding.
Composite approach:
Teaching a composite class, means that there is more than one grade in one class sitting. According
to Alan J. Watson [133:164 2006], teaching in a composite classroom requires a whole new set of
skills and knowledge from ordinary class teaching.
Language Deficiency:
According to Yomana Chandran [2014], when a learner has trouble learning language in the absence
of any other mental, emotional or physical deficits – it’s called language deficiency. The trouble in
learning languages means that the learner has trouble, with a “significant delay” [Chandran Y. 2014]
in speaking, reading and writing the language.
The Aggressive Learner:
These are students who show aggressive and hostile behaviours towards others (teachers and other
learners). A learner’s aggression has a wide range of various triggers that causes the aggression and
hostility. “They often have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, emotional or behavioural
disorders, or are below grade level in achievement. They are capable of dominating and controlling
others through intimidation and irrational, often explosive behaviour,” says Anon. [Building Family
Resilience. 133:200 8 Jan 2016]
, 1.2 definition and discussion:
Physical Factors:
These are the factors such as the learners’ physical bodies that are subject to change as they grow
older. It also consists of their reaction on the environment and the effect the environment in which
they have been placed, has on them.
Cognitive Factors:
The cognitive factors in a learner is their knowledge and understanding of their surroundings and
how they interact with it. It’s their ability to learn more from those around them (in their immediate
surroundings). They explore and learn from their environment from interacting and becoming
involved with the people and things in their surroundings – they do this by giving meaning to the
things in their environment through interacting with them. When interacting and exploring their
environment and immediate surroundings they use their cognitive faculties, such as perception,
representation, thinking and memory.
Affective Factors:
“Affect refers to the emotional interpretation of perceptions, information, or knowledge.” [W. Huitt,
1999]
How a person feels and their emotional reaction to their environment is also known as how they’re
“affected” by their surroundings. These feelings and emotions affect a person’s mood and
sentiments – which is what makes us human. A learner’s affective experiences in the classroom is
what encourages, or discourages their cooperation in a class event – such as discussions – depending
on the affective experience’s level of pleasantness or unpleasantness. If a learner feels unpleasantly
affected they would show less cooperation than when they feel pleasantly affected by their
environment and surroundings.
Conative Factors:
Bagozzi (1992) proposes that conation is necessary to explain how knowledge and emotion are
translated into behaviour in human beings. Conation refers to the intentional and personal
motivation of behaviour. It’s described as human will that is the subconscious drive behind all
human behaviour. Bagozzi (1992) also formulated that it is the combination of the striving instinct,
reason, and targeted goals that results in different levels of commitment and action. For instance in
learners it would mean to strive for the academic or sport results that they have pinned for
themselves as a goal to achieve.
Normative Factors:
This means that a person is able to live harmoniously with others by conforming to certain norms,
