NUR 2407 Pharmacology Module 2 Quiz

Question 1 1. What lab value will best reflect renal function in a client taking multiple medicines? creatinine clearance potassium levels sodium levels urinalysis 0.25 points Question 2 1. Which teaching point is correct with respect to the concept of “tolerance”? Tolerance is a state where people become used to pain, and therefore need less pain medicine. In tolerance, larger doses are needed to achieve prior effects because a body learns to push back. Tolerance occurs in slow metabolizers. Slow metabolism leads to prolonged sedation. Tolerance occurs in slow metabolizers. Slow metabolism leads to prolonged sedation. 0.25 points Question 3 1. Which statement regarding the blood-brain barrier demonstrates a need for further teaching? “It can protect the brain from potentially toxic substance injuries.” “It can be a significant obstacle to entry of therapeutic agents.” “It is not fully developed at birth.” “It lets in therapeutic agents in but filters out everything else.” 0.25 points Question 4 1. A client who has been taking an antiepileptic medication with a narrow therapeutic window for 2 weeks seems confused and forgetful. What should be the priority action of the nurse? Call the prescriber and have them change the seizure medication. Give an antihistamine under house protocol to stop the allergic response. Seek a plasma drug level order from the client’s prescriber. Set up oxygen and obtain an order for activated charcoal. 0.25 points Question 5 1. The nurse is assessing a client who has requested an adrenergic drug for dyspnea. Which sign would make the nurse hesitate to give the medication? Pulse oximetry saturation of 88% Blood pressure of 130/86 Respiratory rate of 28 Irregular heart rate of 122 0.25 points Question 6 1. A nurse is caring for a client being treated with Minipress (prazosin), an alpha blocker. What counseling should the client receive? Rise slowly from lying to standing to avoid dizziness and a possible fall. Void before taking the medication to avoid urine retention Take a daily laxative to avoid constipation Avoid drinking more than 600 mls of fluid per day while taking this medication 0.25 points Question 7 1. For which client would a beta adrenergic blocker like Atenolol be prescribed? A client with urinary retention A hypertensive client with a heart rate of 104 A client who suffers from asthma 0.25 points Question 8 1. How would a nurse explain the way pilocarpine (Salagen), a cholinergic, would resolve dry mouth symptoms? It stimulates salivation by blocking nicotinic receptors It stimulates salivation by stimulating muscarinic receptors It stimulates salivation by stimulating alpha receptors in the brain It stimulates salivation by redirecting fluid from the optic nerve 0.25 points Question 9 1. A client with Alzheimer’s disease has been taking Exelon (rivastigmine), a cholinesterase inhibitor for a week. What anticipated side effects of this cholinergic medication would the nurse anticipate? Numbness and tingling in the extremities Hypertension Diarrhea, urgency and possible bradycardia Tinnitus and hearing loss 0.25 points Question 10 1. A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client whose family reports that she had taken an overdose of diazepam. Which of the following medications should the nurse have available to reverse the CNS depression caused by this drug? Ondasteron (Zofran) Magnesium sulfate Flumazanil (Romazicon) 0.25 points Question 11 1. The client diagnosed with a general anxiety disorder is prescribed alprazolam (Xanax), a benzodiazepine. Which information should the clinic nurse discuss with the client? Explain to the client that this medication is intended for short-term use only. Tell the client to expect rigidity as a side effect Tell the client to avoid foods that are high in vitamin K Instruct the client to take the medication before driving to avoid transit anxiety 0.25 points Question 12 1. A nurse is caring for a patient who has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for 6 weeks. Upon review of the laboratory results, the nurse notes that the patient’s phenytoin level is 18 mcg/mL. What is the nurse’s best action? The nurse should contact the prescriber to suggest a dose increase. This drug level is in the therapeutic range, so the nurse can give the medicine as ordered. Suspect that another drug is preventing Phenytoin metabolism, and hold the causative medication. This drug level is too high; the nurse should contact the prescriber about reducing the dose. 0.25 points