GI and Neuro ATI practice questions & answers

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The pharmacy is delayed in supplying the client’s next container of TPN. Which of the following fluids should the nurse infuse until the next container arrives? Rationale: TPN contains high concentrations of certain nutrients. Infusing dextrose 5% in water could cause rapid shifts in serum levels of some substances. A. Dextrose 5% in water Rationale: TPN contains high concentrations of certain nutrients. Infusing 0.9% sodium chloride could cause rapid shifts in serum levels of some substances. B. 0.9% sodium chloride Rationale: TPN contains high concentrations of dextrose and proteins. To avoid hypoglycemia, the nurse should infuse dextrose 10% or 20% in water until the next container of TPN solution arrives. C. Dextrose 10% in water Rationale: TPN contains high concentrations of certain nutrients. Infusing lactated Ringer’s solution could cause rapid shifts in serum levels of some substances. D. Lactated Ringer’s solution 1. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following statements by the nurse is appropriate? Rationale: Clients who have chronic pancreatitis are at risk for malnutrition and should increase their caloric intake in order to maintain weight. A. “You should decrease your caloric intake when abdominal pain is present.” Rationale: Clients who have chronic pancreatitis should consume a diet that is high in protein. B. “You should increase your daily intake of protein.” Rationale: Clients who have chronic pancreatitis should consume a low-fat diet to prevent stimulation of the pancreas and steatorrhea. C. “You should increase fat intake when experiencing loose stools.” Rationale: Clients who have chronic pancreatitis should avoid alcohol intake to prevent stimulation of the pancreas. D. “You should limit alcohol intake to 2-3 drinks per week.