CMN 1148 - TEST #1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
Source Credibility Appeals - Answers Appeals based on the personal attractiveness of a communicator
to the audience.
Trustworthiness - Answers One's integrity or Character.
Competency - Answers One's Experience in a given area
Status - Answers One's Standing in a relationship to others.
Dynamism - Answers One's boldness, energy and assertiveness.
Sociability - Answers One's likability.
Logical Appeals - Answers Appeals based on logic and reasoning.
Emotional Appeals - Answers Appeals based on the expected emotional response of an audience.
Laswell's Effects Model - Answers In 1948, Harold Laswell published a 'transmission' model of
communication. Like the Aristotelian model, this model focused on a one-way linear process of
communication. The Aristotelean elements of 'who' (a communicator), 'what' (a message), and 'to
whom' (an audience, or receiver) resurfaced in this model. However Laswell added 2 components to
the earlier model: channel and effects.
Channel - the medium used to transmit a message
Effects - the intended or unintended impact(s) of a message
WHO - WHAT - IN WHAT CHANNEL - TO WHOM - WITH WHAT EFFECT
Shannon Weaver Mathematical Model - Answers A 3rd mode, developed in the late 1940's by Bell
engineer Claude E. Shannon and mathematician Warren Weaver, began life as a one-way
transmission model. Many scholars have applied the original model to the interpersonal
communication as follows. Communication begins when the information source gets an idea that he
wanted to convey to another party. When he encodes or puts this idea in to the form of a
communication product, such as words, a letter, or a broadcast, he becomes a transmitter. The
communication product is a signal. When the second party receives the signal he/she has to decode it
or figure out what it means. In the decoding process, she acts as a receiver. Once she has decoded or
reconstructed the idea in her mind, the signal has reached its destination.
Information Source - where the message is conceived
Transmitter - mechanism for encoding the message
Signal - the message
Receiver - mechanism for decoding the message
Destination - where the message ends up
Noise - interference that occurs in the transmitting or receiving of signals
Feedback - response to a message to activity
External Noise - interference from an environmental source
Internal Noise - interference from an internal source
Physiological Noise - interference from a biological condition or function
Psychological Noise - interference from a mental state
Schramm Model - Answers Field of Experience - the totality of all we are at the moment of
communication
Culture - the shared ideas, traditions, norms, symbols, and values that define a community
In 1954, Wilbur Schramm developed a human communication model that placed increased emphasis
on the encoding and decoding of messages - that is, how we create, interpret, and assign meaning to
words and actions. As in the original Shannon-Weaver model, Schramm used the terms 'source' and
'destination', but he saw the process as circular. Schramm's model falls solidly in to the interactive
tradition. To the previously developed models, Schramm added the idea of field experience - the next
major contribution to the development of communication theory.
Dance Model - Answers In 1967, Frank Dance contributed the helical model of communication. Like
Schramm, Dance sees communication as a never-ending story, with no fixed beginning or ending.
Barnlund's Transactional Model - Answers In 1970, Dean Barnlund developed the transactional model
of communication to respond to perceived weaknesses in the interactive models of communication.
Source Credibility Appeals - Answers Appeals based on the personal attractiveness of a communicator
to the audience.
Trustworthiness - Answers One's integrity or Character.
Competency - Answers One's Experience in a given area
Status - Answers One's Standing in a relationship to others.
Dynamism - Answers One's boldness, energy and assertiveness.
Sociability - Answers One's likability.
Logical Appeals - Answers Appeals based on logic and reasoning.
Emotional Appeals - Answers Appeals based on the expected emotional response of an audience.
Laswell's Effects Model - Answers In 1948, Harold Laswell published a 'transmission' model of
communication. Like the Aristotelian model, this model focused on a one-way linear process of
communication. The Aristotelean elements of 'who' (a communicator), 'what' (a message), and 'to
whom' (an audience, or receiver) resurfaced in this model. However Laswell added 2 components to
the earlier model: channel and effects.
Channel - the medium used to transmit a message
Effects - the intended or unintended impact(s) of a message
WHO - WHAT - IN WHAT CHANNEL - TO WHOM - WITH WHAT EFFECT
Shannon Weaver Mathematical Model - Answers A 3rd mode, developed in the late 1940's by Bell
engineer Claude E. Shannon and mathematician Warren Weaver, began life as a one-way
transmission model. Many scholars have applied the original model to the interpersonal
communication as follows. Communication begins when the information source gets an idea that he
wanted to convey to another party. When he encodes or puts this idea in to the form of a
communication product, such as words, a letter, or a broadcast, he becomes a transmitter. The
communication product is a signal. When the second party receives the signal he/she has to decode it
or figure out what it means. In the decoding process, she acts as a receiver. Once she has decoded or
reconstructed the idea in her mind, the signal has reached its destination.
Information Source - where the message is conceived
Transmitter - mechanism for encoding the message
Signal - the message
Receiver - mechanism for decoding the message
Destination - where the message ends up
Noise - interference that occurs in the transmitting or receiving of signals
Feedback - response to a message to activity
External Noise - interference from an environmental source
Internal Noise - interference from an internal source
Physiological Noise - interference from a biological condition or function
Psychological Noise - interference from a mental state
Schramm Model - Answers Field of Experience - the totality of all we are at the moment of
communication
Culture - the shared ideas, traditions, norms, symbols, and values that define a community
In 1954, Wilbur Schramm developed a human communication model that placed increased emphasis
on the encoding and decoding of messages - that is, how we create, interpret, and assign meaning to
words and actions. As in the original Shannon-Weaver model, Schramm used the terms 'source' and
'destination', but he saw the process as circular. Schramm's model falls solidly in to the interactive
tradition. To the previously developed models, Schramm added the idea of field experience - the next
major contribution to the development of communication theory.
Dance Model - Answers In 1967, Frank Dance contributed the helical model of communication. Like
Schramm, Dance sees communication as a never-ending story, with no fixed beginning or ending.
Barnlund's Transactional Model - Answers In 1970, Dean Barnlund developed the transactional model
of communication to respond to perceived weaknesses in the interactive models of communication.
