FUNDAMENTALS OF URINE AND
BODY FLUID ANALYSIS
5TH EDITION
AUTHOR(S)NANCY A. BRUNZEL
TEST BANK
1
Reference
Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Quality Assessment
Stem
A urinalysis lab has observed a gradual increase in the number
of mislabeled specimens over the past quarter. Review of
incident logs shows most errors occur during high-volume
morning collections. The lab manager must choose the best
,first-step quality improvement action to reduce labeling errors
and improve patient safety. Which action is most appropriate?
Options
A. Increase staffing during morning collection times.
B. Retrain phlebotomists and nursing staff on the existing
specimen-labeling policy.
C. Implement a bedside barcode labeling system and require
patient ID verification at collection.
D. Change the specimen transport schedule to stagger morning
deliveries.
Correct Answer
C
Rationales
Correct (C): Implementing bedside barcode labeling with
mandatory patient ID verification addresses the root cause—
failure in point-of-collection identification—and uses a systems-
based intervention that prevents human errors. This strategy
aligns with quality assessment principles emphasizing process
redesign and error-proofing. It also generates measurable
indicators (reduced mislabels) for monitoring.
Incorrect (A): Increasing staff may temporarily reduce workload
but does not eliminate the identification error mechanism and
is not a sustainable systems fix.
Incorrect (B): Retraining alone often yields limited, short-term
improvement if workflow or system design permits mistakes.
Incorrect (D): Changing transport schedules does not target the
,point-of-collection labeling failure and is unlikely to reduce
mislabeling.
Teaching Point
Error-proof point-of-collection systems (e.g., bedside barcoding)
outperform retraining for ID errors.
Citation
Brunzel, N. A. (2023). Fundamentals of Urine and Body Fluid
Analysis (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
2
Reference
Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Quality Indicators
Stem
During monthly quality review, the urinalysis supervisor notices
a spike in specimen rejection rates due to improper
preservative use. Which quality indicator should be added to
the monthly dashboard to most directly monitor and prevent
this problem?
Options
A. Turnaround time (TAT) for urinalysis results.
B. Percentage of specimens rejected for improper preservative
per total received.
C. Number of corrective actions opened for equipment failures.
D. Staff satisfaction scores for laboratory services.
, Correct Answer
B
Rationales
Correct (B): A rejection-rate indicator tied to improper
preservative use directly measures the specific quality problem
and enables targeted corrective actions. It is specific,
measurable, and actionable—key attributes of a useful quality
indicator.
Incorrect (A): TAT is important but does not measure
preservative errors.
Incorrect (C): Equipment failures are unrelated to preservative
use and would not capture collection technique issues.
Incorrect (D): Staff satisfaction is broad and unlikely to detect
preservative-specific process failures.
Teaching Point
Use specific, measurable indicators (e.g., rejection percentage)
for targeted quality monitoring.
Citation
Brunzel, N. A. (2023). Fundamentals of Urine and Body Fluid
Analysis (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
3
Reference
Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Safety in the
Urinalysis Laboratory
BODY FLUID ANALYSIS
5TH EDITION
AUTHOR(S)NANCY A. BRUNZEL
TEST BANK
1
Reference
Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Quality Assessment
Stem
A urinalysis lab has observed a gradual increase in the number
of mislabeled specimens over the past quarter. Review of
incident logs shows most errors occur during high-volume
morning collections. The lab manager must choose the best
,first-step quality improvement action to reduce labeling errors
and improve patient safety. Which action is most appropriate?
Options
A. Increase staffing during morning collection times.
B. Retrain phlebotomists and nursing staff on the existing
specimen-labeling policy.
C. Implement a bedside barcode labeling system and require
patient ID verification at collection.
D. Change the specimen transport schedule to stagger morning
deliveries.
Correct Answer
C
Rationales
Correct (C): Implementing bedside barcode labeling with
mandatory patient ID verification addresses the root cause—
failure in point-of-collection identification—and uses a systems-
based intervention that prevents human errors. This strategy
aligns with quality assessment principles emphasizing process
redesign and error-proofing. It also generates measurable
indicators (reduced mislabels) for monitoring.
Incorrect (A): Increasing staff may temporarily reduce workload
but does not eliminate the identification error mechanism and
is not a sustainable systems fix.
Incorrect (B): Retraining alone often yields limited, short-term
improvement if workflow or system design permits mistakes.
Incorrect (D): Changing transport schedules does not target the
,point-of-collection labeling failure and is unlikely to reduce
mislabeling.
Teaching Point
Error-proof point-of-collection systems (e.g., bedside barcoding)
outperform retraining for ID errors.
Citation
Brunzel, N. A. (2023). Fundamentals of Urine and Body Fluid
Analysis (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
2
Reference
Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Quality Indicators
Stem
During monthly quality review, the urinalysis supervisor notices
a spike in specimen rejection rates due to improper
preservative use. Which quality indicator should be added to
the monthly dashboard to most directly monitor and prevent
this problem?
Options
A. Turnaround time (TAT) for urinalysis results.
B. Percentage of specimens rejected for improper preservative
per total received.
C. Number of corrective actions opened for equipment failures.
D. Staff satisfaction scores for laboratory services.
, Correct Answer
B
Rationales
Correct (B): A rejection-rate indicator tied to improper
preservative use directly measures the specific quality problem
and enables targeted corrective actions. It is specific,
measurable, and actionable—key attributes of a useful quality
indicator.
Incorrect (A): TAT is important but does not measure
preservative errors.
Incorrect (C): Equipment failures are unrelated to preservative
use and would not capture collection technique issues.
Incorrect (D): Staff satisfaction is broad and unlikely to detect
preservative-specific process failures.
Teaching Point
Use specific, measurable indicators (e.g., rejection percentage)
for targeted quality monitoring.
Citation
Brunzel, N. A. (2023). Fundamentals of Urine and Body Fluid
Analysis (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
3
Reference
Ch. 1 — Quality Assessment and Safety — Safety in the
Urinalysis Laboratory
