,NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology UTA
Exam 1 (Latest Update) Real
Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Already Graded A+.
Which cancer produces beta human chorionic gonadotropin?
Germ cell (reproductive)
Which cancer produces prostate specific antigen?
Prostate
Origin of cancer from carcino-?
Carcinoma = cancer from the epithelial tissue
Origin of cancer from sarco-?
Cancer arising from the connective tissue
Origin of cancer from -oma?
Benign tumor
Origin of cancer -blastoma?
Nervous tissue
Lung cancer site of metastasis?
Multiple organs, including brain
Colorectal cancer site of metastasis?
Liver, lungs
Testicular cancer site of metastasis?
Lungs, liver, brain
Prostate cancer site of metastasis?
Bones (especially lumbar spine), liver
,Breast cancer site of metastasis?
Bones, lung, liver, brain
Head and neck cancer site of metastasis?
Lymphatics, liver, bones
Sarcoma site of metastasis?
Lungs
Melanoma site of metastasis?
Lymphatics, lung, liver, brain, GI
Origin of cancer from adeno?
Glandular Epithelial
TNM Staging System
T= tumor spread
TX= main tumor not measured
T0= tumor cannot be found
T1=T4=size or extent of main tumor. Higher the number, larger it is
N= node involvement
NX= cannot be measured
N0=no cancer in lymph nodes
N1-N3= number of lymph nodes. Higher the number, the more lymph nodes that contain cancer
M= presence of metastasis
MX=cannot be measured
M0=cancer has not spread to other parts of body
M1=Cancer has spread to other parts of body
BRCA gene
Increases risk for developing ovarian, breast, and prostate cancer
Paraneoplastic syndromes
Triggered by cancer but aren't caused directly from a tumor/mass. Commonly caused by
hormones released by a tumor or an immune response triggered by a tumor.
May be earliest S/S of unknown cancer
, Cachexia
Imbalance between amount of energy intake vs. energy used. Wasting syndrome = catabolic
process. Increase in apoptosis and impaired ability to regenerate cells.
Necrosis
Cell death, irreversible cell injury.
Clinical implications: fever, increased heart rate, increase number of leukocytes, pain, presence
of cellular enzymes (LDH, CK, AST, ALT, ALT, Amylase, aldolase)
Coagulative necrosis
Occurs primarily in the kidneys, heart, and adrenal glands. Commonly results from hypoxia
caused by severe ischemia or hypoxia from chemical injury (especially ingestion of mercuric
chloride)
Liquefactive necrosis
Commonly results from ischemic injury to neurons and glial cells in the brain
What does T3N2M0 in cancer staging mean?
large, with local nodes but no evidence of metastasis
What kind of genetics does a person with cystic fibrosis have?
Autosomal recessive
Which type of cellular injury can cause Alzheimers?
Free radical/ROS
Well differentiated vs undifferentiated cancer cells
Well-differentiated cancer cells look more like normal cells and tend to grow and spread more
slowly than poorly differentiated or undifferentiated cancer cells.
What is the main plasma protein?
Albumin (negative charge). Buffers H+ (positive charge). Binds calcium (about 40%).
What does a decreased plasma oncotic pressure mean?
Results from losses or diminished production of plasma albumin. Causes fluid to move into the
interstitial space, resulting in EDEMA.
AST and ALT are related to which organ?
Exam 1 (Latest Update) Real
Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Already Graded A+.
Which cancer produces beta human chorionic gonadotropin?
Germ cell (reproductive)
Which cancer produces prostate specific antigen?
Prostate
Origin of cancer from carcino-?
Carcinoma = cancer from the epithelial tissue
Origin of cancer from sarco-?
Cancer arising from the connective tissue
Origin of cancer from -oma?
Benign tumor
Origin of cancer -blastoma?
Nervous tissue
Lung cancer site of metastasis?
Multiple organs, including brain
Colorectal cancer site of metastasis?
Liver, lungs
Testicular cancer site of metastasis?
Lungs, liver, brain
Prostate cancer site of metastasis?
Bones (especially lumbar spine), liver
,Breast cancer site of metastasis?
Bones, lung, liver, brain
Head and neck cancer site of metastasis?
Lymphatics, liver, bones
Sarcoma site of metastasis?
Lungs
Melanoma site of metastasis?
Lymphatics, lung, liver, brain, GI
Origin of cancer from adeno?
Glandular Epithelial
TNM Staging System
T= tumor spread
TX= main tumor not measured
T0= tumor cannot be found
T1=T4=size or extent of main tumor. Higher the number, larger it is
N= node involvement
NX= cannot be measured
N0=no cancer in lymph nodes
N1-N3= number of lymph nodes. Higher the number, the more lymph nodes that contain cancer
M= presence of metastasis
MX=cannot be measured
M0=cancer has not spread to other parts of body
M1=Cancer has spread to other parts of body
BRCA gene
Increases risk for developing ovarian, breast, and prostate cancer
Paraneoplastic syndromes
Triggered by cancer but aren't caused directly from a tumor/mass. Commonly caused by
hormones released by a tumor or an immune response triggered by a tumor.
May be earliest S/S of unknown cancer
, Cachexia
Imbalance between amount of energy intake vs. energy used. Wasting syndrome = catabolic
process. Increase in apoptosis and impaired ability to regenerate cells.
Necrosis
Cell death, irreversible cell injury.
Clinical implications: fever, increased heart rate, increase number of leukocytes, pain, presence
of cellular enzymes (LDH, CK, AST, ALT, ALT, Amylase, aldolase)
Coagulative necrosis
Occurs primarily in the kidneys, heart, and adrenal glands. Commonly results from hypoxia
caused by severe ischemia or hypoxia from chemical injury (especially ingestion of mercuric
chloride)
Liquefactive necrosis
Commonly results from ischemic injury to neurons and glial cells in the brain
What does T3N2M0 in cancer staging mean?
large, with local nodes but no evidence of metastasis
What kind of genetics does a person with cystic fibrosis have?
Autosomal recessive
Which type of cellular injury can cause Alzheimers?
Free radical/ROS
Well differentiated vs undifferentiated cancer cells
Well-differentiated cancer cells look more like normal cells and tend to grow and spread more
slowly than poorly differentiated or undifferentiated cancer cells.
What is the main plasma protein?
Albumin (negative charge). Buffers H+ (positive charge). Binds calcium (about 40%).
What does a decreased plasma oncotic pressure mean?
Results from losses or diminished production of plasma albumin. Causes fluid to move into the
interstitial space, resulting in EDEMA.
AST and ALT are related to which organ?
