OCR A-LEVEL HISTORY: THE USA IN
THE 19TH CENTURY: WESTWARD
EXPANSION AND CIVIL WAR 1803-C1890
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
TheuLouisianauPurchaseu-uCORRECTuANSWER-1803u-
uTheuU.S.upurchasedutheulandufromutheuMississippiuRiverutoutheuRockyuMountainsufromuNapoleonuforu$15u
million.uJeffersonuwasuinteresteduinutheuterritoryubecauseuituwouldugiveutheuU.S.utheuMississippiuRiveruandu
NewuOrleansu(bothuwereuvaluableuforutradeuandushipping)uandualsouroomutouexpand.uNapoleonuwanteduto
usellubecauseuheuneededumoneyuforuhisuEuropeanucampaignsuandubecauseuaurebellionuagainstutheuFrenchui
nuHaitiuhadusoureduhimuonutheuideauofuNewuWorlducolonies.uTheuConstitutionudidunotugiveutheufederalugov
ernmentutheupowerutoubuyuland,usouJeffersonuusedulooseuconstructionutoujustifyutheupurchase.
LewisuanduClarkuExpeditionu1804u-u1806u-uCORRECTuANSWER-1804-1806u-
uMeriwetheruLewisuanduWilliamuClarkuwereucommissionedubyuJeffersonutoumapuanduexploreutheuLouisiana
uPurchaseuregion.uBeginninguatuSt.uLouis,uMissouri,utheuexpeditionutravelleduuputheuMissouriuRiverutoutheu
GreatuDivide,uanduthenudownutheuColumbiauRiverutoutheuPacificuOcean.uItuproduceduextensiveumapsuofuthe
uareauandurecordedumanyuscientificudiscoveries,ugreatlyufacilitatingulaterusettlementuofutheuregionuandutra
velutoutheuPacificucoast.
TheuGolduRushu1848u-u1850su-uCORRECTuANSWER-
MinersuwhourushedutouCaliforniauafterutheudiscoveryuofugolduwereucalledu"FortyuNiners".uOveru80,000upro
spectorsu"rushed"utouSanuFrancisco.uTheuincreasedupopulationuledutouCaliforniaujoiningutheuUnionuasuaufre
eustate.uConnectedutoutheuideauofuManifestuDestiny
MissouriuCompromiseu1820u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
AlloweduMissouriutouenterutheuunionuasuauslaveustate,uMaineutouenterutheuunionuasuaufreeustate,uprohibite
duslaveryunorthuofulatitudeu36˚u30'uwithinutheuLouisianauTerritoryu(1820).uMeantuthatuanuimbalanceuofufree
uanduslaveustatesuwouldubeupreventedu(oruatuleastudiscouraged).
MexicanuWaru1846u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
PolkusentuGeneraluTayloruanduanuarmyutoutheudisputeduTexanuterritory.uTayloruwaiteduforuauMexicanuoffen
siveubutuheuhadutouprovokeuSantauAnnauinuorderutouhaveuaubattle.uThisuMexicanuoffensiveujustifieduPolk'sud
eclarationuofuwaruagainstuMexico.uTheuU.S.uthoroughlyudefeatedutheuMexicanuarmiesuanduwasugreatlyurew
ardeduwithutheupeaceutreatyuofuGuadalupe-Hidalgo.
, ErieuCanalu1825u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
NewuYorkersubuiltutheucanalulinkingutheuGreatuLakesuwithutheuHudsonuRiveru(363umi)
ElectionuofuAbrahamuLincolnu1860u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
Thisuwasutheufinalustrawuthatupromptedusouthernustatesutousecede,uoruleave,utheuUnion,uwhenuheubecame
utheu16thuPresidentuofutheuUniteduStates.uSouthernersubelieveduthatuheuwouldutakeuawayutheirustateuright
suanduwouldufreeutheuslaves.uFirstuRepublicuPresident.
1850uCompromiseu-uCORRECTuANSWER-
TheuCompromiseuofu1850uwasuanuintricateupackageuofufiveubills,upasseduonuSeptemberu4,u1850,udefusingua
ufour-yearuconfrontationubetweenutheuslaveustatesuofutheuSouthuandutheufreeustatesuofutheuNorth.u
IdeauofuHenryuClayubutupassedubyuStephenuDouglasu(withutheutermsubeingupasseduindividually).uTermsuincl
udeduadmittanceuofuCaliforniauasuaufreeustateuandutheuamendmentutoutheuFSA.
IndianuRemovaluActu(IRA)u1830u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
ActusignedubyuCongressutouremoveuallutribesutoulanduwestuofutheuMississippiuRiver.uPasseduunderutheuPresi
dencyuofuAndrewuJackson.uAlloweduforutheupolicyuofuassimilationutoubegin.uHighlyudamaginguforuNAI.
Alabamau1819u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
AdmittedutoutheuUnionuasuaustate.uCreateduanuequaluamountuofuslaveuandufreeustatesuwithinutheuUnion.uTri
ggereduMissouriuCompromise.
NewuYorku1821u-uCORRECTuANSWER-FreeuAfricanuAmericansuwereugrantedutheurightutouvoteu-
uhighlightedutheudisparityubetweenuattitudeuthatuexisteduinutheudifferentusectionsuofutheuUnionuatuthisusta
ge.
Sectionalismu-uCORRECTuANSWER-
TheutermuusedutoudefineutheugrowingudivisionubetweenuNorthuanduSouthuinutheuUnion.
TreatyuofuGuadeloupe-Hidalgou1848u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
Termsuincludedulargeusectionsuofulandu(55%)u(whichuwouldubeuorganiseduintouterritories)uanducompensati
onufromuMexicoutoutheuUSA
THE 19TH CENTURY: WESTWARD
EXPANSION AND CIVIL WAR 1803-C1890
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
TheuLouisianauPurchaseu-uCORRECTuANSWER-1803u-
uTheuU.S.upurchasedutheulandufromutheuMississippiuRiverutoutheuRockyuMountainsufromuNapoleonuforu$15u
million.uJeffersonuwasuinteresteduinutheuterritoryubecauseuituwouldugiveutheuU.S.utheuMississippiuRiveruandu
NewuOrleansu(bothuwereuvaluableuforutradeuandushipping)uandualsouroomutouexpand.uNapoleonuwanteduto
usellubecauseuheuneededumoneyuforuhisuEuropeanucampaignsuandubecauseuaurebellionuagainstutheuFrenchui
nuHaitiuhadusoureduhimuonutheuideauofuNewuWorlducolonies.uTheuConstitutionudidunotugiveutheufederalugov
ernmentutheupowerutoubuyuland,usouJeffersonuusedulooseuconstructionutoujustifyutheupurchase.
LewisuanduClarkuExpeditionu1804u-u1806u-uCORRECTuANSWER-1804-1806u-
uMeriwetheruLewisuanduWilliamuClarkuwereucommissionedubyuJeffersonutoumapuanduexploreutheuLouisiana
uPurchaseuregion.uBeginninguatuSt.uLouis,uMissouri,utheuexpeditionutravelleduuputheuMissouriuRiverutoutheu
GreatuDivide,uanduthenudownutheuColumbiauRiverutoutheuPacificuOcean.uItuproduceduextensiveumapsuofuthe
uareauandurecordedumanyuscientificudiscoveries,ugreatlyufacilitatingulaterusettlementuofutheuregionuandutra
velutoutheuPacificucoast.
TheuGolduRushu1848u-u1850su-uCORRECTuANSWER-
MinersuwhourushedutouCaliforniauafterutheudiscoveryuofugolduwereucalledu"FortyuNiners".uOveru80,000upro
spectorsu"rushed"utouSanuFrancisco.uTheuincreasedupopulationuledutouCaliforniaujoiningutheuUnionuasuaufre
eustate.uConnectedutoutheuideauofuManifestuDestiny
MissouriuCompromiseu1820u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
AlloweduMissouriutouenterutheuunionuasuauslaveustate,uMaineutouenterutheuunionuasuaufreeustate,uprohibite
duslaveryunorthuofulatitudeu36˚u30'uwithinutheuLouisianauTerritoryu(1820).uMeantuthatuanuimbalanceuofufree
uanduslaveustatesuwouldubeupreventedu(oruatuleastudiscouraged).
MexicanuWaru1846u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
PolkusentuGeneraluTayloruanduanuarmyutoutheudisputeduTexanuterritory.uTayloruwaiteduforuauMexicanuoffen
siveubutuheuhadutouprovokeuSantauAnnauinuorderutouhaveuaubattle.uThisuMexicanuoffensiveujustifieduPolk'sud
eclarationuofuwaruagainstuMexico.uTheuU.S.uthoroughlyudefeatedutheuMexicanuarmiesuanduwasugreatlyurew
ardeduwithutheupeaceutreatyuofuGuadalupe-Hidalgo.
, ErieuCanalu1825u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
NewuYorkersubuiltutheucanalulinkingutheuGreatuLakesuwithutheuHudsonuRiveru(363umi)
ElectionuofuAbrahamuLincolnu1860u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
Thisuwasutheufinalustrawuthatupromptedusouthernustatesutousecede,uoruleave,utheuUnion,uwhenuheubecame
utheu16thuPresidentuofutheuUniteduStates.uSouthernersubelieveduthatuheuwouldutakeuawayutheirustateuright
suanduwouldufreeutheuslaves.uFirstuRepublicuPresident.
1850uCompromiseu-uCORRECTuANSWER-
TheuCompromiseuofu1850uwasuanuintricateupackageuofufiveubills,upasseduonuSeptemberu4,u1850,udefusingua
ufour-yearuconfrontationubetweenutheuslaveustatesuofutheuSouthuandutheufreeustatesuofutheuNorth.u
IdeauofuHenryuClayubutupassedubyuStephenuDouglasu(withutheutermsubeingupasseduindividually).uTermsuincl
udeduadmittanceuofuCaliforniauasuaufreeustateuandutheuamendmentutoutheuFSA.
IndianuRemovaluActu(IRA)u1830u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
ActusignedubyuCongressutouremoveuallutribesutoulanduwestuofutheuMississippiuRiver.uPasseduunderutheuPresi
dencyuofuAndrewuJackson.uAlloweduforutheupolicyuofuassimilationutoubegin.uHighlyudamaginguforuNAI.
Alabamau1819u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
AdmittedutoutheuUnionuasuaustate.uCreateduanuequaluamountuofuslaveuandufreeustatesuwithinutheuUnion.uTri
ggereduMissouriuCompromise.
NewuYorku1821u-uCORRECTuANSWER-FreeuAfricanuAmericansuwereugrantedutheurightutouvoteu-
uhighlightedutheudisparityubetweenuattitudeuthatuexisteduinutheudifferentusectionsuofutheuUnionuatuthisusta
ge.
Sectionalismu-uCORRECTuANSWER-
TheutermuusedutoudefineutheugrowingudivisionubetweenuNorthuanduSouthuinutheuUnion.
TreatyuofuGuadeloupe-Hidalgou1848u-uCORRECTuANSWER-
Termsuincludedulargeusectionsuofulandu(55%)u(whichuwouldubeuorganiseduintouterritories)uanducompensati
onufromuMexicoutoutheuUSA
