Psychology 101 Chapters 1 & 2
Questions with Correct Answers
Psychology - ANSWERSThe science of behavior and mental processes
Behavioral Genetics - ANSWERSstudy of hereditary influences and how it influences
behavior and thinking
William Wundt - ANSWERS1832-1920; Field: structuralism, inaugurates 1st psychology
lab in Leipzig, Germany
Structuralism - ANSWERSAn early school of psychology that used introspection to
explore the elemental structure of the human mind.
Introspection - ANSWERSexamination of one's own thoughts and feelings
William James - ANSWERS1890; Principles of Psychology
Functionalism - ANSWERSA school of psychology that focused on how our mental and
behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.
Gestalt Psychology - ANSWERSA psychological approach that emphasizes that we
often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts.
Margaret Washburn - ANSWERSFirst woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology
Leta Hollingsworth - ANSWERSStudied Child Development
(1916) first used the term "gifted"
Karen Horney - ANSWERSAdds cultural & social aspects to study of personality
§ Feminist psychology- dispels freuds studies { especially penis envy}
Anna Freud - ANSWERSPsychologist In Her Right
5 major Perspectives - ANSWERS- Neurosciences- how brains affect us-inheritable,
evolution
- Psychodynamic- behavior is learned, observable, and measurable; habit forming
- Cognitive thought-affect behavior- power of positive thinking
Types of Research - ANSWERSDescriptive, Archival, Naturalistic, Surveys, Case
Studies, Correlational.
, Descriptive Research - ANSWERSresearch designed to systematically investigate a
person, group, or patterns of behavior
Archival Research - ANSWERSpublic records, - census documents, newspaper articles,
school articles.
Surveys - ANSWERSSample of people chosen to represent a larger group.
Case Studies - ANSWERSin detail study with one person/small group of people
Correlational Studies - ANSWERS
Formal Experiment - ANSWERSresearcher investigates the relationship between 2 or
more variable by deliberately changing 1 variable in a collonrolled situation
Parts of a formal experiment - ANSWERSExperimental Group- recieves treatment
Control Group- doesn't receive drug
Independent Variable- manipulated by experiement (the drug)
Dependent Variable- being measured
Random Assignment- THE MOST IMPORTANT PART.
animal research ethics - ANSWERS-research that cannot be ethically conducted on
humans (Ex. Drug treatment, Brain studies
independent variable - ANSWERSThe variable that is varied or manipulated by the
researcher.
dependent variable - ANSWERSThe variable we can measure.
significant outcome - ANSWERSmeaningful results that make it possible for
researchers to feel confident that they have confirmed their hypothesisinf
informed consent - ANSWERSAn ethical principle that research participants be told
enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate.
survey research - ANSWERSthe measurement of public opinion through the use of
sampling and questioning
correlational research - ANSWERSestablish the relationship between two variables
positive correlation - ANSWERSA correlation where as one variable increases, the
other also increases, or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the
same direction.
variables - ANSWERSfactors that can change in an experiment
Questions with Correct Answers
Psychology - ANSWERSThe science of behavior and mental processes
Behavioral Genetics - ANSWERSstudy of hereditary influences and how it influences
behavior and thinking
William Wundt - ANSWERS1832-1920; Field: structuralism, inaugurates 1st psychology
lab in Leipzig, Germany
Structuralism - ANSWERSAn early school of psychology that used introspection to
explore the elemental structure of the human mind.
Introspection - ANSWERSexamination of one's own thoughts and feelings
William James - ANSWERS1890; Principles of Psychology
Functionalism - ANSWERSA school of psychology that focused on how our mental and
behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.
Gestalt Psychology - ANSWERSA psychological approach that emphasizes that we
often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts.
Margaret Washburn - ANSWERSFirst woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology
Leta Hollingsworth - ANSWERSStudied Child Development
(1916) first used the term "gifted"
Karen Horney - ANSWERSAdds cultural & social aspects to study of personality
§ Feminist psychology- dispels freuds studies { especially penis envy}
Anna Freud - ANSWERSPsychologist In Her Right
5 major Perspectives - ANSWERS- Neurosciences- how brains affect us-inheritable,
evolution
- Psychodynamic- behavior is learned, observable, and measurable; habit forming
- Cognitive thought-affect behavior- power of positive thinking
Types of Research - ANSWERSDescriptive, Archival, Naturalistic, Surveys, Case
Studies, Correlational.
, Descriptive Research - ANSWERSresearch designed to systematically investigate a
person, group, or patterns of behavior
Archival Research - ANSWERSpublic records, - census documents, newspaper articles,
school articles.
Surveys - ANSWERSSample of people chosen to represent a larger group.
Case Studies - ANSWERSin detail study with one person/small group of people
Correlational Studies - ANSWERS
Formal Experiment - ANSWERSresearcher investigates the relationship between 2 or
more variable by deliberately changing 1 variable in a collonrolled situation
Parts of a formal experiment - ANSWERSExperimental Group- recieves treatment
Control Group- doesn't receive drug
Independent Variable- manipulated by experiement (the drug)
Dependent Variable- being measured
Random Assignment- THE MOST IMPORTANT PART.
animal research ethics - ANSWERS-research that cannot be ethically conducted on
humans (Ex. Drug treatment, Brain studies
independent variable - ANSWERSThe variable that is varied or manipulated by the
researcher.
dependent variable - ANSWERSThe variable we can measure.
significant outcome - ANSWERSmeaningful results that make it possible for
researchers to feel confident that they have confirmed their hypothesisinf
informed consent - ANSWERSAn ethical principle that research participants be told
enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate.
survey research - ANSWERSthe measurement of public opinion through the use of
sampling and questioning
correlational research - ANSWERSestablish the relationship between two variables
positive correlation - ANSWERSA correlation where as one variable increases, the
other also increases, or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the
same direction.
variables - ANSWERSfactors that can change in an experiment
