NU 136 Exam Questions and Answers| New Update with 100% Correct Answers
Pharmacology in relation to nurses: -physicians, pharmacies, and nurses are legally
responsible for safe & therapeutic effects of drugs
-locate info about each drug
-calculate dose accurately
-6 rights
-recognize nursing interventions
-knowledgeable about possible drug interactions
If drug order isn't clear: clarify w/ doctor
Controlled substances: -must have another nurse count w/ you (incoming & out coming
nurse)
-any discrepancies need to be investigated
3 key factors of drug therapy 1. distribution: how drug distributes throughout body
2. metabolism: what route is it (slow or fast)
3. excretion: how the pt is urinating; kidney function (older adults need less dosage)
Differences of absorption 1. slow absorption: skin, oral, SQ
2. quick absorption: sublingual, mucus membrane, respiratory
3. most rapid: IV
High alert medication: -insulin
-requires a 2 nurse check
Schedule of controlled drugs Schedule I through V
,schedule I drugs with no accepted medical use & high potential of abuse
i.e. heroin, LSD, weed
Drug standards purity, potency, bioavailability, efficacy, safety and toxicity
If there is a medication error: report it immediately; the purpose of the report is so same
mistake won't happen again
Schedule II drugs with medical use & high potential for abuse
i.e. cocaine, oxycodone, codeine
schedule III drugs that are medically use w/ less potential for abuse than schedule II
i.e. testosterone, ketamine, miscellaneous depressants
schedule IV drugs that are medically useful w/ less potential for abuse than schedule III
i.e. tranquilizers
schedule V drugs with medical use, low potential for abuse and produce less of a physical
dependance
i.e. cough syrup
, uses for drugs: Treatment, palliation, diagnosis, cure, and prevention of disease
Pharmacokinetics how drugs enter body, metabolized, and excreted
Absorption -movement of a drug from its site of admin into bloodstream
-determined by weight, sex, age, disease & genetics; how drugs
distribution to tissues, & cellular site of action depending on the physical & chemical
properties
pharmacodynamics drugs effect on cellular physiology and biochem
onset begins when drug reaches minimum effective concentration level
peak occurs when high blood plasma concentration is achieved
duration length of time drug exerts a pharmacolic effect
agonists drugs that produce a response
antagonists drugs that block response
trough lowest concentration of drug
drug action types 1. stimulant or depression: direct action on a receptor site
2. replacement: injected insulin for those who don't produce their own
3. inhibition or killing: action of an antibiotic when it blocks synthesis of the bacterial cell wall
Pharmacology in relation to nurses: -physicians, pharmacies, and nurses are legally
responsible for safe & therapeutic effects of drugs
-locate info about each drug
-calculate dose accurately
-6 rights
-recognize nursing interventions
-knowledgeable about possible drug interactions
If drug order isn't clear: clarify w/ doctor
Controlled substances: -must have another nurse count w/ you (incoming & out coming
nurse)
-any discrepancies need to be investigated
3 key factors of drug therapy 1. distribution: how drug distributes throughout body
2. metabolism: what route is it (slow or fast)
3. excretion: how the pt is urinating; kidney function (older adults need less dosage)
Differences of absorption 1. slow absorption: skin, oral, SQ
2. quick absorption: sublingual, mucus membrane, respiratory
3. most rapid: IV
High alert medication: -insulin
-requires a 2 nurse check
Schedule of controlled drugs Schedule I through V
,schedule I drugs with no accepted medical use & high potential of abuse
i.e. heroin, LSD, weed
Drug standards purity, potency, bioavailability, efficacy, safety and toxicity
If there is a medication error: report it immediately; the purpose of the report is so same
mistake won't happen again
Schedule II drugs with medical use & high potential for abuse
i.e. cocaine, oxycodone, codeine
schedule III drugs that are medically use w/ less potential for abuse than schedule II
i.e. testosterone, ketamine, miscellaneous depressants
schedule IV drugs that are medically useful w/ less potential for abuse than schedule III
i.e. tranquilizers
schedule V drugs with medical use, low potential for abuse and produce less of a physical
dependance
i.e. cough syrup
, uses for drugs: Treatment, palliation, diagnosis, cure, and prevention of disease
Pharmacokinetics how drugs enter body, metabolized, and excreted
Absorption -movement of a drug from its site of admin into bloodstream
-determined by weight, sex, age, disease & genetics; how drugs
distribution to tissues, & cellular site of action depending on the physical & chemical
properties
pharmacodynamics drugs effect on cellular physiology and biochem
onset begins when drug reaches minimum effective concentration level
peak occurs when high blood plasma concentration is achieved
duration length of time drug exerts a pharmacolic effect
agonists drugs that produce a response
antagonists drugs that block response
trough lowest concentration of drug
drug action types 1. stimulant or depression: direct action on a receptor site
2. replacement: injected insulin for those who don't produce their own
3. inhibition or killing: action of an antibiotic when it blocks synthesis of the bacterial cell wall
