Psychology 101 Quiz 1 | Verified study | Questions and
Answers | 2026 Updates
What is psychology? - ANSWER- the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
How did psychology begin as a field? - ANSWER- Wundt- wanted to be separate from
philosophy and physiology
Psychology's 4 goals - ANSWER- to describe, explain, predict, and to change
Structuralism - ANSWER- Edward Titchener- every experience could be broken down into
its individual emotions and sensations
Functionalism - ANSWER- William James- how people work, play, and adapt to their
surroundings
Behaviorism - ANSWER- John Watson-the study of behavior
Psychoanalysis - ANSWER- basis of modern psychotherapy. based off of Freud's ideas
Sigmund Freud's ideas - ANSWER- there is an unconscious mind into which we push or
repress all of our threatening urges and desires. Behavior stems from unconscious motivation
Gestalt Psychology - ANSWER- Max Wertheimer- studying whole patterns rather than
small pieces of them
Psychodynamic perspective - ANSWER- unconscious mind and its influence over conscious
behavior on wary childhood experiences
Sociocultural perspective - ANSWER- combines social and cultural psychology
Biological perspective - ANSWER- human and animal behavior is seen as a direct result of
events in the body
Evolutionary perspective - ANSWER- focuses on the biological bases for universal mental
characteristics that all humans share (seeks to explain general mental strategies and traits)
Psychologist - ANSWER- no medical training but has a doctorate degree
Psychiatrist - ANSWER- has a medical degree and is a physician who specializes in the
diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders
, Objective Introspection - ANSWER- the process of objectively examining and measuring
ones own thoughts and mental activities
Humanistic perspective - ANSWER- people have free will and strive for the achievement
of ones full potential (self-actualization)
Phi phenomenon - ANSWER- the optical illusion of perceiving continuous motion between
separate objects viewed rapidly in succession (lights blinking on and off in a circle it seems)
Case study - ANSWER- an in-depth report about the details of a specific case (single
participant)
Observation - ANSWER- the action or process of observing something or someone
carefully or in order to gain information
Survey - ANSWER- to ask a question or a series of questions in order to gather information
Correlation - ANSWER- prediction- takes a direction and has a magnitude (1 to -1)
Double blind study - ANSWER- neither the participants or experimenter knows the exact
treatment
Single blind study - ANSWER- participants do not know the true purpose of the study or
else do not know which type of treatment they are recieving
Experiment - ANSWER- manipulation of one variable under controlled conditions so that
resulting changes in another variable can be observed
Independent variable - ANSWER- manipulated variable (I can change) - doesn't change at
all (ex. time)
Dependent variable - ANSWER- variable affected by manipulation
Control group - ANSWER- similar subjects who don't receive special treatment
Experimental group - ANSWER- subjects who receive some special treatment in regard to
the independent variable
Operational definition - ANSWER- exact description of how the variable will be quantified
and measured
Correlational coefficient - ANSWER- numerical index of degree of relationship
Neuron - ANSWER- cell in the nervous system that sends and receives information
throughout the body
Answers | 2026 Updates
What is psychology? - ANSWER- the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
How did psychology begin as a field? - ANSWER- Wundt- wanted to be separate from
philosophy and physiology
Psychology's 4 goals - ANSWER- to describe, explain, predict, and to change
Structuralism - ANSWER- Edward Titchener- every experience could be broken down into
its individual emotions and sensations
Functionalism - ANSWER- William James- how people work, play, and adapt to their
surroundings
Behaviorism - ANSWER- John Watson-the study of behavior
Psychoanalysis - ANSWER- basis of modern psychotherapy. based off of Freud's ideas
Sigmund Freud's ideas - ANSWER- there is an unconscious mind into which we push or
repress all of our threatening urges and desires. Behavior stems from unconscious motivation
Gestalt Psychology - ANSWER- Max Wertheimer- studying whole patterns rather than
small pieces of them
Psychodynamic perspective - ANSWER- unconscious mind and its influence over conscious
behavior on wary childhood experiences
Sociocultural perspective - ANSWER- combines social and cultural psychology
Biological perspective - ANSWER- human and animal behavior is seen as a direct result of
events in the body
Evolutionary perspective - ANSWER- focuses on the biological bases for universal mental
characteristics that all humans share (seeks to explain general mental strategies and traits)
Psychologist - ANSWER- no medical training but has a doctorate degree
Psychiatrist - ANSWER- has a medical degree and is a physician who specializes in the
diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders
, Objective Introspection - ANSWER- the process of objectively examining and measuring
ones own thoughts and mental activities
Humanistic perspective - ANSWER- people have free will and strive for the achievement
of ones full potential (self-actualization)
Phi phenomenon - ANSWER- the optical illusion of perceiving continuous motion between
separate objects viewed rapidly in succession (lights blinking on and off in a circle it seems)
Case study - ANSWER- an in-depth report about the details of a specific case (single
participant)
Observation - ANSWER- the action or process of observing something or someone
carefully or in order to gain information
Survey - ANSWER- to ask a question or a series of questions in order to gather information
Correlation - ANSWER- prediction- takes a direction and has a magnitude (1 to -1)
Double blind study - ANSWER- neither the participants or experimenter knows the exact
treatment
Single blind study - ANSWER- participants do not know the true purpose of the study or
else do not know which type of treatment they are recieving
Experiment - ANSWER- manipulation of one variable under controlled conditions so that
resulting changes in another variable can be observed
Independent variable - ANSWER- manipulated variable (I can change) - doesn't change at
all (ex. time)
Dependent variable - ANSWER- variable affected by manipulation
Control group - ANSWER- similar subjects who don't receive special treatment
Experimental group - ANSWER- subjects who receive some special treatment in regard to
the independent variable
Operational definition - ANSWER- exact description of how the variable will be quantified
and measured
Correlational coefficient - ANSWER- numerical index of degree of relationship
Neuron - ANSWER- cell in the nervous system that sends and receives information
throughout the body
