FINAL MPOETC EXAM | 2026 UPDATE | QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
What statute allows citizens to use force? Answer - > 505
What statute allows law enforcement to use force? Answer - > 508
Statute of Limitations Answer - > Time you were made aware of charges
What are the four types of culpability? Answer - > Intentionally
> Knowingly
> Recklessly
> Negligently
What is not a defense of culpability? (304) Answer - > Ignorance of the law
> Voluntary intoxication/drugged
What is a defense for culpability? Answer - > Duress
> Insanity
> Guilty but mentally ill
> Involuntary intoxication
,What types of encounters does law enforcement have with the public? Answer
- > Mere encounter
> Investigatory detention
> Custodial detention/arrest
What type of proof do you need for an investigatory detention? Answer - >
Reasonable suspicion
What type of proof do you need for a custodial detention? Answer - >
Probable Cause
What are the three components of the Criminal Justice System? Answer - >
Law enforcement
> Courts
> Corrections
Level of Government Answer - > Local/municipal
> County
> State
> Federal
Courts (court system) Answer - > Local (minor courts)
> Court of common pleas (appeals from minor cases)
> Commonwealth court (state court)
> Superior court
> Supreme court
> Federal court
, Initial Appearance (preliminary arraignment) Answer - > Defendant is brought
before a judge to hear charges & a bail decision
Preliminary Hearing Answer - > show the court the prosecution has a "prima
facie" case (on the surface it warrants putting the defendant through a
prosecution & using the state's resources to pursue the matter)
Formal Arraignment Answer - > Defendant hears charges to be tried & enters
plea
> if plead guilty or solo contenders (no contest) may have a hearing to
determine penalty or may go immediately to sentencing stage
> defendant may plea "not guilty" then the case proceeds to next level
Common Pleas Court (criminal court) Answer - > Trial by jury
> Trials have two primary stages:
- presentation of prosecution
- presentation of defense, if defendant elects to do so
Bail Answer - > A bond to insure the appearance of the defendant in court if
they are not to be held in custody until trial
ROR ( released on recognizance) Answer - > Their word they will appear in
court is their bond
PA is the only state in which the grand jury has what? Answer - > No authority
to indict
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
What statute allows citizens to use force? Answer - > 505
What statute allows law enforcement to use force? Answer - > 508
Statute of Limitations Answer - > Time you were made aware of charges
What are the four types of culpability? Answer - > Intentionally
> Knowingly
> Recklessly
> Negligently
What is not a defense of culpability? (304) Answer - > Ignorance of the law
> Voluntary intoxication/drugged
What is a defense for culpability? Answer - > Duress
> Insanity
> Guilty but mentally ill
> Involuntary intoxication
,What types of encounters does law enforcement have with the public? Answer
- > Mere encounter
> Investigatory detention
> Custodial detention/arrest
What type of proof do you need for an investigatory detention? Answer - >
Reasonable suspicion
What type of proof do you need for a custodial detention? Answer - >
Probable Cause
What are the three components of the Criminal Justice System? Answer - >
Law enforcement
> Courts
> Corrections
Level of Government Answer - > Local/municipal
> County
> State
> Federal
Courts (court system) Answer - > Local (minor courts)
> Court of common pleas (appeals from minor cases)
> Commonwealth court (state court)
> Superior court
> Supreme court
> Federal court
, Initial Appearance (preliminary arraignment) Answer - > Defendant is brought
before a judge to hear charges & a bail decision
Preliminary Hearing Answer - > show the court the prosecution has a "prima
facie" case (on the surface it warrants putting the defendant through a
prosecution & using the state's resources to pursue the matter)
Formal Arraignment Answer - > Defendant hears charges to be tried & enters
plea
> if plead guilty or solo contenders (no contest) may have a hearing to
determine penalty or may go immediately to sentencing stage
> defendant may plea "not guilty" then the case proceeds to next level
Common Pleas Court (criminal court) Answer - > Trial by jury
> Trials have two primary stages:
- presentation of prosecution
- presentation of defense, if defendant elects to do so
Bail Answer - > A bond to insure the appearance of the defendant in court if
they are not to be held in custody until trial
ROR ( released on recognizance) Answer - > Their word they will appear in
court is their bond
PA is the only state in which the grand jury has what? Answer - > No authority
to indict
