Maryville NURS 611 patho exam 1
v7 v7 v7 v7 v7
Apoptosisv7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
Av7programmedv7cellv7deathv7thatv7isv7regulatedv7orv7programmed.v7Cellula
rv7self-destructionv7forv7eliminationv7orv7unwantedv7cellv7populations
Necrosisv7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
Rapidv7lossv7ofv7thev7plasmav7membranev7structure,v7organellev7swelling,v7
mitochondriav7dysfunction
Whatv7isv7thev7#1v7causev7ofv7cellularv7injuryv7leadingv7tov7necrosisv7(especiall
yv7thev7kidneyv7andv7heart)v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ hypoxia
Whatv7isv7thev7#1v7causev7ofv7hypoxia?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ ischemia
Mainv7componentv7ofv7av7cellv7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ nucleus
Whatv7doesv7thev7nucleusv7contain?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ nucleolus
Whatv7isv7thev7nucleolusv7composedv7of?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
RNA,v7mostv7ofv7cellularv7DNA,v7DNAv7bindingv7proteins,v7andv7histones
,Whyv7arev7histonev7important?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
histonesv7bindv7tov7DNAv7andv7foldv7itv7intov7chromosomesv7(chromatin)v7
whichv7isv7essentialv7forv7cellv7division
Whatv7arev7ribosomes?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ RNA-
proteinv7complexesv7(nucleoproteins)v7thatv7arev7synthesizedv7inv7thev7nucleo
lusv7andv7secretedv7intov7thev7cytoplasmv7throughv7poresv7inv7thev7nuclearv7env
elopev7calledv7nuclearv7porev7complexesv7(NPCs)
Wherev7canv7ribosomesv7bev7found?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
cytoplasmv7andv7roughv7ER
whatv7arev7ribosomesv7chiefv7function?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
providesv7sitsv7forv7cellularv7proteinv7synthesis
Whatv7isv7thev7Golgiv7apparatusv7(complex)?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
av7networkv7ofv7flatten,v7smoothv7membranesv7andv7vesiclesv7frequentlyv7lo
catedv7nearv7thev7nucleusv7ofv7thev7cell
Whatv7doesv7thev7Golgiv7apparatusv7do?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
takesv7proteinsv7fromv7thev7ERv7andv7processes/packagesv7themv7intov7smal
lv7membrane-
boundv7vesiclesv7calledv7"secretoryv7vesicles,v7andv7refinesv7andv7directsv7traf
ficv7inv7thev7cell
,Whatv7arev7lysosomesv7andv7whatv7dov7theyv7do?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
maintainv7cellularv7healthv7byv7removalv7ofv7toxicv7cellularv7components,v7r
emovalv7ofv7uselessv7organelles,v7terminationv7ofv7signalv7transduction,v7andv
7signalsv7cellularv7adaption
Howv7doesv7agingv7affectv7lysosomes?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
leadsv7tov7progressivev7lossv7ofv7lysosomalv7efficiencyv7whichv7declinesv7th
ev7regenerativev7capacityv7ofv7organsv7andv7tissue
Whatv7functionsv7dov7lysosomalv7componentsv7integrate?v7-v7correctv7answer
✔ ✔
nutrientv7abundance,v7energyv7levels,v7andv7cellv7stressorsv7andv7willv7transl
atev7themv7intov7instructionsv7thatv7regulatev7cellularv7metabolismv7towardv7ei
therv7proliferationv7orv7inactivity
Whatv7isv7mitochondriav7responsiblev7for?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
cellularv7respiration,v7cellularv7metabolismv7,v7andv7energyv7production
Whatv7doesv7thev7innerv7membranev7ofv7mitochondriav7contain?v7-
v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
enzymesv7ofv7thev7respiratoryv7chainv7andv7arev7essentialv7tov7thev7processv7o
fv7oxidativev7phosphorylationv7thatv7generatesv7mostv7ofv7thev7cell'sv7ATP
, Thev7mitochondrialv7matrixv7containsv7whatv7kindv7ofv7pathwaysv7(1),v7invol
vev7whatv7twov7thingsv7(2),v7andv7metabolizesv7whatv7threev7thingsv7(3)?v7-
v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ 1-v7metabolic
2-v7ureav7andv7hemev7synthesis
3-v7carbs,v7proteins,v7andv7lipids
Whatv7canv7accumulatev7intracellularlyv7causedv7byv7stressesv7formv7metabol
icv7dearangements?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ carbs,v7proteins,v7andv7lipids
Whatv7isv7physiologicv7atrophy?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
occursv7inv7earlyv7development.v7ex:v7thymusv7gladv7duringv7childhood
Whatv7isv7pathologicv7atrophy?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
occursv7asv7av7resultv7ofv7decreasesv7inv7workload,v7use,v7pressure,v7bloodv7s
upply,v7nutrition,v7andv7hormonalv7stimulation.v7
Ex:v7Shrinkingv7ofv7gonadsv7inv7anv7adolescentv7ptv7inv7responsev7tov7decrease
dv7hormonalv7stimulation.v7andv7anv7ptv7immobilizedv7inv7bedv7forv7av7prolong
edv7time
whatv7isv7hypertrophy?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ increasev7inv7cellv7size
Examplev7ofv7beneficialv7physiologicv7hypertrophy?v7-v7correctv7answer✔
✔ hypertrophyv7ofv7myocardialv7cellsv7fromv7endurancev7training
v7 v7 v7 v7 v7
Apoptosisv7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
Av7programmedv7cellv7deathv7thatv7isv7regulatedv7orv7programmed.v7Cellula
rv7self-destructionv7forv7eliminationv7orv7unwantedv7cellv7populations
Necrosisv7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
Rapidv7lossv7ofv7thev7plasmav7membranev7structure,v7organellev7swelling,v7
mitochondriav7dysfunction
Whatv7isv7thev7#1v7causev7ofv7cellularv7injuryv7leadingv7tov7necrosisv7(especiall
yv7thev7kidneyv7andv7heart)v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ hypoxia
Whatv7isv7thev7#1v7causev7ofv7hypoxia?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ ischemia
Mainv7componentv7ofv7av7cellv7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ nucleus
Whatv7doesv7thev7nucleusv7contain?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ nucleolus
Whatv7isv7thev7nucleolusv7composedv7of?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
RNA,v7mostv7ofv7cellularv7DNA,v7DNAv7bindingv7proteins,v7andv7histones
,Whyv7arev7histonev7important?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
histonesv7bindv7tov7DNAv7andv7foldv7itv7intov7chromosomesv7(chromatin)v7
whichv7isv7essentialv7forv7cellv7division
Whatv7arev7ribosomes?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ RNA-
proteinv7complexesv7(nucleoproteins)v7thatv7arev7synthesizedv7inv7thev7nucleo
lusv7andv7secretedv7intov7thev7cytoplasmv7throughv7poresv7inv7thev7nuclearv7env
elopev7calledv7nuclearv7porev7complexesv7(NPCs)
Wherev7canv7ribosomesv7bev7found?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
cytoplasmv7andv7roughv7ER
whatv7arev7ribosomesv7chiefv7function?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
providesv7sitsv7forv7cellularv7proteinv7synthesis
Whatv7isv7thev7Golgiv7apparatusv7(complex)?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
av7networkv7ofv7flatten,v7smoothv7membranesv7andv7vesiclesv7frequentlyv7lo
catedv7nearv7thev7nucleusv7ofv7thev7cell
Whatv7doesv7thev7Golgiv7apparatusv7do?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
takesv7proteinsv7fromv7thev7ERv7andv7processes/packagesv7themv7intov7smal
lv7membrane-
boundv7vesiclesv7calledv7"secretoryv7vesicles,v7andv7refinesv7andv7directsv7traf
ficv7inv7thev7cell
,Whatv7arev7lysosomesv7andv7whatv7dov7theyv7do?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
maintainv7cellularv7healthv7byv7removalv7ofv7toxicv7cellularv7components,v7r
emovalv7ofv7uselessv7organelles,v7terminationv7ofv7signalv7transduction,v7andv
7signalsv7cellularv7adaption
Howv7doesv7agingv7affectv7lysosomes?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
leadsv7tov7progressivev7lossv7ofv7lysosomalv7efficiencyv7whichv7declinesv7th
ev7regenerativev7capacityv7ofv7organsv7andv7tissue
Whatv7functionsv7dov7lysosomalv7componentsv7integrate?v7-v7correctv7answer
✔ ✔
nutrientv7abundance,v7energyv7levels,v7andv7cellv7stressorsv7andv7willv7transl
atev7themv7intov7instructionsv7thatv7regulatev7cellularv7metabolismv7towardv7ei
therv7proliferationv7orv7inactivity
Whatv7isv7mitochondriav7responsiblev7for?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
cellularv7respiration,v7cellularv7metabolismv7,v7andv7energyv7production
Whatv7doesv7thev7innerv7membranev7ofv7mitochondriav7contain?v7-
v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
enzymesv7ofv7thev7respiratoryv7chainv7andv7arev7essentialv7tov7thev7processv7o
fv7oxidativev7phosphorylationv7thatv7generatesv7mostv7ofv7thev7cell'sv7ATP
, Thev7mitochondrialv7matrixv7containsv7whatv7kindv7ofv7pathwaysv7(1),v7invol
vev7whatv7twov7thingsv7(2),v7andv7metabolizesv7whatv7threev7thingsv7(3)?v7-
v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ 1-v7metabolic
2-v7ureav7andv7hemev7synthesis
3-v7carbs,v7proteins,v7andv7lipids
Whatv7canv7accumulatev7intracellularlyv7causedv7byv7stressesv7formv7metabol
icv7dearangements?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ carbs,v7proteins,v7andv7lipids
Whatv7isv7physiologicv7atrophy?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
occursv7inv7earlyv7development.v7ex:v7thymusv7gladv7duringv7childhood
Whatv7isv7pathologicv7atrophy?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔
occursv7asv7av7resultv7ofv7decreasesv7inv7workload,v7use,v7pressure,v7bloodv7s
upply,v7nutrition,v7andv7hormonalv7stimulation.v7
Ex:v7Shrinkingv7ofv7gonadsv7inv7anv7adolescentv7ptv7inv7responsev7tov7decrease
dv7hormonalv7stimulation.v7andv7anv7ptv7immobilizedv7inv7bedv7forv7av7prolong
edv7time
whatv7isv7hypertrophy?v7-v7correctv7answer✔ ✔ increasev7inv7cellv7size
Examplev7ofv7beneficialv7physiologicv7hypertrophy?v7-v7correctv7answer✔
✔ hypertrophyv7ofv7myocardialv7cellsv7fromv7endurancev7training
