,NR 565 - advanced
pharmacology midterm Exam
Study Guide: GRADED A+.
Questions and Verified
Answers. Latest 2026 Update
During what trimester is a pregnant woman most at risk for adverse drug
reactions with potential long term consequences? - Ans✔✔-1st trimester (fetus
most at risk d/t rapid growth)
What is BEERS criteria? - Ans✔✔-Recommendations of medications
inappropriate for elderly (65 and older), prescriber ultimately decides
What is the CYP450 (cytochrome P450) - Ans✔✔-liver enzyme system where
medications are metabolized, can either be inducers or inhibitors and create
drug-drug interactions
CYP450 inducers - Ans✔✔-Speed up metabolism of drugs (drug is cleared
faster), drug has lesser effect (decrease blood levels of drug), elevate CYP450
enzymes
,CYP450 inducers pneumonic - Ans✔✔-"Bullshit Crap GPS INDUCES rage"
CYP450 inducer drug names - Ans✔✔-Barbituates, St John wort,
Carbamazepine, rifampin, alcohol, phenytoin, griseofulvin, phenobarbital,
sulfonylureas
CYP450 inhibitors - Ans✔✔-inhibit metabolism, increase blood levels of
medications
CYP450 pneumonic - Ans✔✔-"VISA credit card debt INHIBITS spending on
designers like CK to look GQ"
CYP450 inhibitors drug names - Ans✔✔-Valproate, isoniazid, sulfonamides,
amiodarone, chloramphenicol, ketoconazole, grapefruit juice, quinidine
Physiological changes during pregnancy that impact pharmacodynamics and
pharmacokinetic properties of drugs? - Ans✔✔-increase glomerular filtration
rate leads to increase durg excretion
increase hepatic metabolism
decrease tone and motility of bowel
increase drug absorption
Examples of medications that can be teratogenic - Ans✔✔-Antiepileptic drugs,
antimicrobials such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, vitamin A in large
doses, some anticoagulants, and hormonal medications such as
diethylstilbestrol (DES).
, How is absorption of intramuscular medications different in neonates? -
Ans✔✔-slow and erratic due to low blood flow in muscles first few days of life
Why is absorption of medication in the stomach increased in infancy? -
Ans✔✔-delayed gastric emptying
Some medications that should be avoided in the pediatric patient? - Ans✔✔-
glucocorticoids, discoloration of developing teeth with tetracyclines, and
kernicterus with sulfonamides, levofloxacin (antibiotics)
aspirin (Severe intoxication from acute overdose)
what should be included in medication administration patient education? -
Ans✔✔-dosage size and timing
route and technique of administration
duration of treatment
drug storage
nature and time course of desired responses
nature and time course of adverse responses
finish taking antibiotic
What are some things that put the elderly patient at higher risk for adverse
drug reactions? - Ans✔✔-reduced renal function
polypharmacy (the use of five or more medications daily)
greater severity of illness
presence of comorbidities
use of drugs that have a low therapeutic index (e.g., digoxin)
pharmacology midterm Exam
Study Guide: GRADED A+.
Questions and Verified
Answers. Latest 2026 Update
During what trimester is a pregnant woman most at risk for adverse drug
reactions with potential long term consequences? - Ans✔✔-1st trimester (fetus
most at risk d/t rapid growth)
What is BEERS criteria? - Ans✔✔-Recommendations of medications
inappropriate for elderly (65 and older), prescriber ultimately decides
What is the CYP450 (cytochrome P450) - Ans✔✔-liver enzyme system where
medications are metabolized, can either be inducers or inhibitors and create
drug-drug interactions
CYP450 inducers - Ans✔✔-Speed up metabolism of drugs (drug is cleared
faster), drug has lesser effect (decrease blood levels of drug), elevate CYP450
enzymes
,CYP450 inducers pneumonic - Ans✔✔-"Bullshit Crap GPS INDUCES rage"
CYP450 inducer drug names - Ans✔✔-Barbituates, St John wort,
Carbamazepine, rifampin, alcohol, phenytoin, griseofulvin, phenobarbital,
sulfonylureas
CYP450 inhibitors - Ans✔✔-inhibit metabolism, increase blood levels of
medications
CYP450 pneumonic - Ans✔✔-"VISA credit card debt INHIBITS spending on
designers like CK to look GQ"
CYP450 inhibitors drug names - Ans✔✔-Valproate, isoniazid, sulfonamides,
amiodarone, chloramphenicol, ketoconazole, grapefruit juice, quinidine
Physiological changes during pregnancy that impact pharmacodynamics and
pharmacokinetic properties of drugs? - Ans✔✔-increase glomerular filtration
rate leads to increase durg excretion
increase hepatic metabolism
decrease tone and motility of bowel
increase drug absorption
Examples of medications that can be teratogenic - Ans✔✔-Antiepileptic drugs,
antimicrobials such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, vitamin A in large
doses, some anticoagulants, and hormonal medications such as
diethylstilbestrol (DES).
, How is absorption of intramuscular medications different in neonates? -
Ans✔✔-slow and erratic due to low blood flow in muscles first few days of life
Why is absorption of medication in the stomach increased in infancy? -
Ans✔✔-delayed gastric emptying
Some medications that should be avoided in the pediatric patient? - Ans✔✔-
glucocorticoids, discoloration of developing teeth with tetracyclines, and
kernicterus with sulfonamides, levofloxacin (antibiotics)
aspirin (Severe intoxication from acute overdose)
what should be included in medication administration patient education? -
Ans✔✔-dosage size and timing
route and technique of administration
duration of treatment
drug storage
nature and time course of desired responses
nature and time course of adverse responses
finish taking antibiotic
What are some things that put the elderly patient at higher risk for adverse
drug reactions? - Ans✔✔-reduced renal function
polypharmacy (the use of five or more medications daily)
greater severity of illness
presence of comorbidities
use of drugs that have a low therapeutic index (e.g., digoxin)
