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APEA PRE-PREDICTOR TEST EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
100% CORRECT ANSWERS (MOST RECENT AND
COMPLETE) VERSION ALREADY GRADED A+
1) A |15 |years |old |high |school |student |with |a |mild |sore |throat |and |low-grade |fever |that |has
|persisted |for |about |3 |weeks. |She |reports |general |malaise, |fatigue, |and |loss |of |appetite. |The |NP
|suspects |mononucleosis. |Which |of |the |following |is |the |LEAST |appropriate |intervention?
a. Palpate |the |lymph |nodes |and |spleen
b. Examine |the |posterior |oropharynx |for |petechiae
c. Obtain |a |CBC, |throat |culture, |and |heterophil |antibody |test.
d. Obtain |an |urinalyses |and |serum |for |LFTs |and |amylase
Explanation: |mononucleosis |is |a |symptomatic |infection |caused |by |the |Epstein-Bar |virus.
|Common |is |people |15-24 |years |of |age. |Common |signs |and |symptoms |following |incubation |period
|(1-2 |months) |include |fatigue, |chills, |malaise, |anorexia, |white |tonsillar |exudates |and
|lymphadenopathy |or |posterior |cervical |region. |Splenomegaly |can |be |present. |A |maculopapular |or
|occasionally |a |petechial |rash |occurs |in |less |than |15% |of |patients. |A |diagnosis |is |usually |made |using
|the |Monospot. |In |addition, |neutropenia |and |lymphocytosis |are |usually |detected |in |the |CBC.
2) A |32 |years |old |male |patient |complaint |of |urinary |frequency |and |burning |on |urination |for |3
|days. |Urinalyses |reveals |bacteriuria |and |positive |nitrites. |He |denies |any |past |hx. |Of |urinary |tract
|infections. |The |initial |treatment |should |be:
a. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |(Bactrim, |Sulfatrim) |for |7-10 |day
b. ciprofloxacin |(Cipro) |for |3-5 |days
c. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole |for |3 |days
d. 750 |mg |ciprofloxacin |as |a |one-time |dose
Explanation: |trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |(TMPS) |is |usually |n |appropriate |medication |to |treat
|urinary |tract |infections |in |most |patients. | In |the |case |of |community |resistance |to |TMPS
>20%^, |another |medication |should |be |substituted. |In |men, |the |appropriate |length |of |time |is |7-10
|days. |Women |may |be |treated |for |3 |days |for |uncomplicated |UTI
3) Which |agent |is |most |effective |for |the |treatment |of |nodulocystic |acne?
a. Benzoyl |peroxide |(Benzac)
b. Retinoic |acid |(Retin |A)
c. Topical |tetracycline
d. Isotretinoin)
Explanation: |Isotretinoin |(Accutane) |is |a |systemic |agent |indicated |for |treatment |with |severe
|inflammatory |acne. |Guidelines |for |its |use |must |be |clearly |understood |by |the |patient. |A |woman |of
|childbearing |age |must |use |an |effective |method |of |contraception |because |isotretinoin |is |teratogenic.
|There |are |many |restrictions |in |prescribing |this |medication |because |of |the |teratogenic |effects |is |given
|during |pregnancy. |Therefore, |it |is |a |pregnancy |category |X.
4) An |18 |y/o |woman |is |taking |a |combined |hormonal |oral |contraceptive. |She |should |be
|instructed |to |use |a |backup |method |for |the |prevention |of |pregnancy
,a. Throughout |the |week |of |placebo |pills
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b. If |prescribed |topiramate |(Topamax) |for |the |treatment |of |migraines.
c. If |prescribed |amoxicillin/clavulanate |(Augmentin) |for |a |sinus |infection
d. if |she |forgets |to |take |a |single |dose |of |the |contraceptive
Explanation: |Anticonvulsant |including |phenytoin |(Dilantin), |carbamazepine |(Tegretol),
|primidone |(Mysoline), |topiramate |(Topamax) |and |oxcarbazepine |(Trileptal) |reduce |the
|effectiveness |of |contraceptives. |Depo-medroxyprogesterone |acetate | injections |or |levonorgestrel-
|releasing |intrauterine |devices |would |be |a |better |method |of |contraceptive |for |patients |taking
|anticonvulsants. |Most |commonly |used |antibiotics |have |not |been |proven |to |reduce |the |effectiveness
|of |contraceptives. |Rifampin |is |an |exception, |and |additional |…. |Be |used |by |women |taking |this |drug
|and |using |oral |contraceptives, |transdermal, |or |vaginal |ring |preparations.
Additional |backup |contraception |should |be |used |if |taking |antifungal |agents. |No |additional
|protection |is |needed |thought |the |week |of |placebo |pills. |Missing |one |single |dose |of |contraceptive
|does |not |require |additional |protection, |missing |more |than |one |doses |does.
2
, 3 | |P |a | g |e
5) A |44 |years |old |female |patient |has |diabetes. |Her |total |cholesterol |(TC) |is |250 |mg/dl |(6.5
|mmol/L), |LDL= |190 |mg/dL |(4.94 |mmol/L), |HDL= |25 |mg/dL |(65 |mmol/L), |and |triglycerides=
|344 |mg/dL |(8.94 |mmol/L). |What |agent |have |the |greatest |effect |on |improving |her |lipid |profile |and
|reducing |morbidity |and |mortality |associates |with |dyslipidemia?
a. Niacin |(Niaspan)
b. Atorvastatin
c. Omega |3 |fatty |acids
d. Fenofibrates
Explanation: |First |and |foremost, |it |is |essential |to |educate |individuals |on |a |heart-healthy |lifestyle.
|LDL-C |is |one |of |the |major |culprits |in |the |development |of |atherosclerotic |heart |disease. |The |target
|level |of |LDL-C |is |between |50 |to |70mg/dl |to |prevent |plaque |formation |in |the |blood |vessels.
|Guidelines |strongly |recommend |statin |therapy |because |they |primarily |lower |LDL-C |levels, |but
|they |also |have |the |secondary |effects |of |lowering |triglyceride |and |increasing |HDL-C |levels.
6) A |30 |years |old |female |comes |into |a |clinic |with |classic |signs |and |symptoms |of |appendicitis.
|The |NP |fails |to |refer |the |patient |to |a |surgeon. |The |appendix |ruptures |and |the |woman |die. |This |is |an
|example |of
a. Failure |of |diligence
b. Professional |liability
c. Negligence
d. Malpractice
Explanation: |malpractice, |a |negligence |tort, |occurs |when |a |health |care |professional’s |actions |fall
|bellow |the |appropriate |standard |of |care |and |hurts |the |patient. |In |this |case |the |patient |came |with
|sings |and |symptoms |indicating |appendicitis |and |the |NP |failed |to |refer |the |patient..
7) A |NP |has |recently |been |hired |to |work |in |a |fast |track |facility. |The |NP |employer |asked |if |she
|has |“a |problem |prescribing |medications |for |emergency |contraception.” |The |NP |replies
|affirmatively. |This |is:
a. Grounds |for |dismissal
b. An |ethical |dilemma |for |the |NP
3
APEA PRE-PREDICTOR TEST EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
100% CORRECT ANSWERS (MOST RECENT AND
COMPLETE) VERSION ALREADY GRADED A+
1) A |15 |years |old |high |school |student |with |a |mild |sore |throat |and |low-grade |fever |that |has
|persisted |for |about |3 |weeks. |She |reports |general |malaise, |fatigue, |and |loss |of |appetite. |The |NP
|suspects |mononucleosis. |Which |of |the |following |is |the |LEAST |appropriate |intervention?
a. Palpate |the |lymph |nodes |and |spleen
b. Examine |the |posterior |oropharynx |for |petechiae
c. Obtain |a |CBC, |throat |culture, |and |heterophil |antibody |test.
d. Obtain |an |urinalyses |and |serum |for |LFTs |and |amylase
Explanation: |mononucleosis |is |a |symptomatic |infection |caused |by |the |Epstein-Bar |virus.
|Common |is |people |15-24 |years |of |age. |Common |signs |and |symptoms |following |incubation |period
|(1-2 |months) |include |fatigue, |chills, |malaise, |anorexia, |white |tonsillar |exudates |and
|lymphadenopathy |or |posterior |cervical |region. |Splenomegaly |can |be |present. |A |maculopapular |or
|occasionally |a |petechial |rash |occurs |in |less |than |15% |of |patients. |A |diagnosis |is |usually |made |using
|the |Monospot. |In |addition, |neutropenia |and |lymphocytosis |are |usually |detected |in |the |CBC.
2) A |32 |years |old |male |patient |complaint |of |urinary |frequency |and |burning |on |urination |for |3
|days. |Urinalyses |reveals |bacteriuria |and |positive |nitrites. |He |denies |any |past |hx. |Of |urinary |tract
|infections. |The |initial |treatment |should |be:
a. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |(Bactrim, |Sulfatrim) |for |7-10 |day
b. ciprofloxacin |(Cipro) |for |3-5 |days
c. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole |for |3 |days
d. 750 |mg |ciprofloxacin |as |a |one-time |dose
Explanation: |trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |(TMPS) |is |usually |n |appropriate |medication |to |treat
|urinary |tract |infections |in |most |patients. | In |the |case |of |community |resistance |to |TMPS
>20%^, |another |medication |should |be |substituted. |In |men, |the |appropriate |length |of |time |is |7-10
|days. |Women |may |be |treated |for |3 |days |for |uncomplicated |UTI
3) Which |agent |is |most |effective |for |the |treatment |of |nodulocystic |acne?
a. Benzoyl |peroxide |(Benzac)
b. Retinoic |acid |(Retin |A)
c. Topical |tetracycline
d. Isotretinoin)
Explanation: |Isotretinoin |(Accutane) |is |a |systemic |agent |indicated |for |treatment |with |severe
|inflammatory |acne. |Guidelines |for |its |use |must |be |clearly |understood |by |the |patient. |A |woman |of
|childbearing |age |must |use |an |effective |method |of |contraception |because |isotretinoin |is |teratogenic.
|There |are |many |restrictions |in |prescribing |this |medication |because |of |the |teratogenic |effects |is |given
|during |pregnancy. |Therefore, |it |is |a |pregnancy |category |X.
4) An |18 |y/o |woman |is |taking |a |combined |hormonal |oral |contraceptive. |She |should |be
|instructed |to |use |a |backup |method |for |the |prevention |of |pregnancy
,a. Throughout |the |week |of |placebo |pills
1
,2 | |P |a | g |e
b. If |prescribed |topiramate |(Topamax) |for |the |treatment |of |migraines.
c. If |prescribed |amoxicillin/clavulanate |(Augmentin) |for |a |sinus |infection
d. if |she |forgets |to |take |a |single |dose |of |the |contraceptive
Explanation: |Anticonvulsant |including |phenytoin |(Dilantin), |carbamazepine |(Tegretol),
|primidone |(Mysoline), |topiramate |(Topamax) |and |oxcarbazepine |(Trileptal) |reduce |the
|effectiveness |of |contraceptives. |Depo-medroxyprogesterone |acetate | injections |or |levonorgestrel-
|releasing |intrauterine |devices |would |be |a |better |method |of |contraceptive |for |patients |taking
|anticonvulsants. |Most |commonly |used |antibiotics |have |not |been |proven |to |reduce |the |effectiveness
|of |contraceptives. |Rifampin |is |an |exception, |and |additional |…. |Be |used |by |women |taking |this |drug
|and |using |oral |contraceptives, |transdermal, |or |vaginal |ring |preparations.
Additional |backup |contraception |should |be |used |if |taking |antifungal |agents. |No |additional
|protection |is |needed |thought |the |week |of |placebo |pills. |Missing |one |single |dose |of |contraceptive
|does |not |require |additional |protection, |missing |more |than |one |doses |does.
2
, 3 | |P |a | g |e
5) A |44 |years |old |female |patient |has |diabetes. |Her |total |cholesterol |(TC) |is |250 |mg/dl |(6.5
|mmol/L), |LDL= |190 |mg/dL |(4.94 |mmol/L), |HDL= |25 |mg/dL |(65 |mmol/L), |and |triglycerides=
|344 |mg/dL |(8.94 |mmol/L). |What |agent |have |the |greatest |effect |on |improving |her |lipid |profile |and
|reducing |morbidity |and |mortality |associates |with |dyslipidemia?
a. Niacin |(Niaspan)
b. Atorvastatin
c. Omega |3 |fatty |acids
d. Fenofibrates
Explanation: |First |and |foremost, |it |is |essential |to |educate |individuals |on |a |heart-healthy |lifestyle.
|LDL-C |is |one |of |the |major |culprits |in |the |development |of |atherosclerotic |heart |disease. |The |target
|level |of |LDL-C |is |between |50 |to |70mg/dl |to |prevent |plaque |formation |in |the |blood |vessels.
|Guidelines |strongly |recommend |statin |therapy |because |they |primarily |lower |LDL-C |levels, |but
|they |also |have |the |secondary |effects |of |lowering |triglyceride |and |increasing |HDL-C |levels.
6) A |30 |years |old |female |comes |into |a |clinic |with |classic |signs |and |symptoms |of |appendicitis.
|The |NP |fails |to |refer |the |patient |to |a |surgeon. |The |appendix |ruptures |and |the |woman |die. |This |is |an
|example |of
a. Failure |of |diligence
b. Professional |liability
c. Negligence
d. Malpractice
Explanation: |malpractice, |a |negligence |tort, |occurs |when |a |health |care |professional’s |actions |fall
|bellow |the |appropriate |standard |of |care |and |hurts |the |patient. |In |this |case |the |patient |came |with
|sings |and |symptoms |indicating |appendicitis |and |the |NP |failed |to |refer |the |patient..
7) A |NP |has |recently |been |hired |to |work |in |a |fast |track |facility. |The |NP |employer |asked |if |she
|has |“a |problem |prescribing |medications |for |emergency |contraception.” |The |NP |replies
|affirmatively. |This |is:
a. Grounds |for |dismissal
b. An |ethical |dilemma |for |the |NP
3
