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Cell Biology Test Bank Exam
Newest With Complete
Questions And Correct
Detailed Answers| Brand New
Version!2026 2027
1. Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP
production?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Mitochondria
C. Lysosome
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Bold Italics Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP
through oxidative phosphorylation, making them the
powerhouse of the cell.
2. What is the main function of ribosomes?
A. Lipid synthesis
B. DNA replication
C. Protein synthesis
D. RNA degradation
, Bold Italics Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into
polypeptide chains during protein synthesis.
3. Which structure controls what enters and exits the cell?
A. Plasma membrane
B. Cell wall
C. Nucleus
D. Cytoskeleton
Bold Italics Rationale: The plasma membrane is
selectively permeable and regulates cellular transport.
4. The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the:
A. Cell wall
B. Plasma membrane
C. Nuclear envelope
D. Cytoskeleton
Bold Italics Rationale: The plasma membrane consists
of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that
move laterally.
5. Which macromolecule is the main component of cell
membranes?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Phospholipids
D. Nucleic acids
Bold Italics Rationale: Phospholipids form the bilayer
that provides membrane structure and flexibility.
, 6. What is the function of lysosomes?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Intracellular digestion
C. Lipid transport
D. ATP production
Bold Italics Rationale: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic
enzymes that break down waste and cellular debris.
7. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
A. Rough ER
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Smooth ER
D. Nucleus
Bold Italics Rationale: The Golgi apparatus processes,
sorts, and packages proteins for transport.
8. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in:
A. Protein folding
B. Lipid synthesis
C. Ribosome assembly
D. DNA replication
Bold Italics Rationale: Smooth ER synthesizes lipids and
detoxifies harmful substances.
9. Which cytoskeletal component is responsible for cell
movement?
A. Microtubules
B. Microfilaments
C. Intermediate filaments
Cell Biology Test Bank Exam
Newest With Complete
Questions And Correct
Detailed Answers| Brand New
Version!2026 2027
1. Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP
production?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Mitochondria
C. Lysosome
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Bold Italics Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP
through oxidative phosphorylation, making them the
powerhouse of the cell.
2. What is the main function of ribosomes?
A. Lipid synthesis
B. DNA replication
C. Protein synthesis
D. RNA degradation
, Bold Italics Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into
polypeptide chains during protein synthesis.
3. Which structure controls what enters and exits the cell?
A. Plasma membrane
B. Cell wall
C. Nucleus
D. Cytoskeleton
Bold Italics Rationale: The plasma membrane is
selectively permeable and regulates cellular transport.
4. The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the:
A. Cell wall
B. Plasma membrane
C. Nuclear envelope
D. Cytoskeleton
Bold Italics Rationale: The plasma membrane consists
of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that
move laterally.
5. Which macromolecule is the main component of cell
membranes?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Phospholipids
D. Nucleic acids
Bold Italics Rationale: Phospholipids form the bilayer
that provides membrane structure and flexibility.
, 6. What is the function of lysosomes?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Intracellular digestion
C. Lipid transport
D. ATP production
Bold Italics Rationale: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic
enzymes that break down waste and cellular debris.
7. Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
A. Rough ER
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Smooth ER
D. Nucleus
Bold Italics Rationale: The Golgi apparatus processes,
sorts, and packages proteins for transport.
8. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in:
A. Protein folding
B. Lipid synthesis
C. Ribosome assembly
D. DNA replication
Bold Italics Rationale: Smooth ER synthesizes lipids and
detoxifies harmful substances.
9. Which cytoskeletal component is responsible for cell
movement?
A. Microtubules
B. Microfilaments
C. Intermediate filaments
