HUN1201 MIDTERM CH 1-8 AND 15 IRSC EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ How is ATP generated? Answer: ATP must be generated
continuously since muscles store only enough ATP for 1-3 seconds of
activity
◉ What is ATP generated from? Answer: ATP is generated from the
breakdown of carbohydrate, fat, and protein
◉ After depleting ATP stores, muscles turn to other sources Answer:
-Creatine Phosphate (CP) stores some energy that can be used to
regenerate ATP
-Creatine Phosphate stores enough energy for 3-15 seconds of
maximal physical effort
-Muscle has 4x as much Creatine phosphate than ATP
-There are broken bonds
-DOES NOT REQUIRE OXYGEN, making it ANAEROBIC
◉ After Creatine Phosphate, what is the next source of energy for
ATP production? Answer: GLUCOSE.
-Glucose provides ATP through glycolysis
,-Next fastest mode of production
-Glucose source during exercise: muscle glycogen and blood glucose
-Glycogen stores are limited
-Used in exercise lasting 30 seconds to 3 minutes
-Primary glycolysis end product: Pyruvate
-With limited oxygen, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid, a by-
product of intense activity
-Excess lactic acid goes back to the liver to be converted back into
glucose
-Via the Cori Cycle process
◉ Glucose Metabolism Answer: -Anaerobic breakdown of glucose
yields 2 ATP molecules
-Aerobic breakdown of glucose yields 36-38 molecules of ATP
-Process much slower but yield is far greater
-Fueling the body for 3 min - 4 hours
-Far fewer acids produced vs. Anaerobic pathway
◉ Triglycerides (fats) can be metabolized to generate ATP Answer: -
For Low intensity exercise
-For exercise of long duration (think marathons)
-Abundant energy source, even in lean people
-2 times more energy per gram as carbohydrates
, -Slowly metabolized << major disadvantage
-Primary energy source during rest, sitting, and standing in place;
also endurance events
-Fuel sources changing depending on the intensity and duration of
exercise is key
◉ Carbohydrates and fats can both be used as energy sources for
ATP production Answer: -Carbohydrates are mostly used for high
intensity activity
-Fats are used for low intensity exercise
◉ Proteins (amino acids) are NOT used as a fuel source for exercise
Answer: -3-6%
-Only used for maintenance of blood glucose
◉ When should we replenish our body with nutrients as a result of
exercise? Answer: -Athletes should consumed carbohydrates intakes
45-65% of total energy
-High or low end of range depends on your sport
-Optimize glycogen storage: first 4-6 hours of recovery with
consistent CHO consumption
-Complex, less processed carbohydrates: whole grains, fruits, and
vegetables supply fiber, vitamins, and minerals
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ How is ATP generated? Answer: ATP must be generated
continuously since muscles store only enough ATP for 1-3 seconds of
activity
◉ What is ATP generated from? Answer: ATP is generated from the
breakdown of carbohydrate, fat, and protein
◉ After depleting ATP stores, muscles turn to other sources Answer:
-Creatine Phosphate (CP) stores some energy that can be used to
regenerate ATP
-Creatine Phosphate stores enough energy for 3-15 seconds of
maximal physical effort
-Muscle has 4x as much Creatine phosphate than ATP
-There are broken bonds
-DOES NOT REQUIRE OXYGEN, making it ANAEROBIC
◉ After Creatine Phosphate, what is the next source of energy for
ATP production? Answer: GLUCOSE.
-Glucose provides ATP through glycolysis
,-Next fastest mode of production
-Glucose source during exercise: muscle glycogen and blood glucose
-Glycogen stores are limited
-Used in exercise lasting 30 seconds to 3 minutes
-Primary glycolysis end product: Pyruvate
-With limited oxygen, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid, a by-
product of intense activity
-Excess lactic acid goes back to the liver to be converted back into
glucose
-Via the Cori Cycle process
◉ Glucose Metabolism Answer: -Anaerobic breakdown of glucose
yields 2 ATP molecules
-Aerobic breakdown of glucose yields 36-38 molecules of ATP
-Process much slower but yield is far greater
-Fueling the body for 3 min - 4 hours
-Far fewer acids produced vs. Anaerobic pathway
◉ Triglycerides (fats) can be metabolized to generate ATP Answer: -
For Low intensity exercise
-For exercise of long duration (think marathons)
-Abundant energy source, even in lean people
-2 times more energy per gram as carbohydrates
, -Slowly metabolized << major disadvantage
-Primary energy source during rest, sitting, and standing in place;
also endurance events
-Fuel sources changing depending on the intensity and duration of
exercise is key
◉ Carbohydrates and fats can both be used as energy sources for
ATP production Answer: -Carbohydrates are mostly used for high
intensity activity
-Fats are used for low intensity exercise
◉ Proteins (amino acids) are NOT used as a fuel source for exercise
Answer: -3-6%
-Only used for maintenance of blood glucose
◉ When should we replenish our body with nutrients as a result of
exercise? Answer: -Athletes should consumed carbohydrates intakes
45-65% of total energy
-High or low end of range depends on your sport
-Optimize glycogen storage: first 4-6 hours of recovery with
consistent CHO consumption
-Complex, less processed carbohydrates: whole grains, fruits, and
vegetables supply fiber, vitamins, and minerals
