PRAXIS ART CONTENT 5134 ELITE STUDY
GUIDE COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW WITH
SOLVED SCENARIOS AND DETAILED ANSWERS
2026 EDITION
◉Principles of design . Answer: Emphasis, unity, contrast, rhythm,
balance, pattern, and movement
(Elephants Unfortunately Can't Rap, But Pigs Might)
◉Elements and principles: 2D vs. 3D . Answer: 2D: Implied texture,
space refers to composition
3D: Real texture, space refers to how the artist uses the space in 3D,
form describes the shape of the artwork (width, depth, and height)
◉Texture . Answer: Can be real or implied
◉Shapes . Answer: Can be geometric or organic
◉Line . Answer: Can be straight, broken, curved, implied, free-form
,◉Space . Answer: Can refer to foreground, middle ground, background,
positive space (subject), negative space (area around subject)
◉Form . Answer: Used in 3D art to describe the shape of the artwork
◉Balance . Answer: Can be symmetrical or asymmetrical
◉Contrast . Answer: When elements are juxtaposed to create interesting
differences (not just color)
◉Movement . Answer: Uses elements to lead viewer throughout the
piece
◉Emphasis . Answer: Creates a focal point
◉Pattern . Answer: Repeats elements in the same order
◉Rhythm . Answer: Repeats elements without a specific order
◉Unity . Answer: Harmony created by elements working together
◉Example . Answer: Piet Mondrian mainly uses color, line, and shape in
Composition with Red, Yellow, and Blue (1927). The Starry Night by
,van Gogh uses several principles, including contrast, emphasis, balance,
and movement.
◉Relationship of elements to principles . Answer: The elements are the
building blocks of visual art, and the principles are ways to organize
those elements. Artists can use some or all to create their artwork,
explain their artistic decisions, or analyze another artist's artwork. These
are "established criteria that are used to objectively judge artwork."
◉Golden mean/ golden ratio . Answer: Term used to describe how
elements within a piece of art can be placed in the most aesthetically
pleasing way, based on math
Approximately 1 to 1.618
◉Hierarchical organization . Answer: artist uses unnatural proportion or
scale to depict the relative importance of the figures in the artwork
◉Perspective . Answer: art technique for creating an illusion of 3D
(depth and space) on a 2D (flat) surface
◉Viewpoint . Answer: The position from where you view the scene
◉Horizon Line . Answer: The imaginary horizontal line in the distance
that is eye level
, ◉Vanishing Lines . Answer: Lines that come together (converge) at the
vanishing point.
◉One point perspective . Answer: One vanishing point along the
horizon line
◉Two point perspective . Answer: Two vanishing points on the horizon
line
◉Foreshortening . Answer: Use of distortion to create the illusion of an
object extending into space
◉Atmospheric Perspective . Answer: The effect of distance or
atmosphere shown through haziness or changes in color
◉Juxtaposition . Answer: Placing two things closely together to
emphasize similarities or differences
◉Appropriation . Answer: Using pre-existing objects or images with
little or no transformation
◉Transformation . Answer: Some artists take every day or found objects
and transform them into something new
GUIDE COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW WITH
SOLVED SCENARIOS AND DETAILED ANSWERS
2026 EDITION
◉Principles of design . Answer: Emphasis, unity, contrast, rhythm,
balance, pattern, and movement
(Elephants Unfortunately Can't Rap, But Pigs Might)
◉Elements and principles: 2D vs. 3D . Answer: 2D: Implied texture,
space refers to composition
3D: Real texture, space refers to how the artist uses the space in 3D,
form describes the shape of the artwork (width, depth, and height)
◉Texture . Answer: Can be real or implied
◉Shapes . Answer: Can be geometric or organic
◉Line . Answer: Can be straight, broken, curved, implied, free-form
,◉Space . Answer: Can refer to foreground, middle ground, background,
positive space (subject), negative space (area around subject)
◉Form . Answer: Used in 3D art to describe the shape of the artwork
◉Balance . Answer: Can be symmetrical or asymmetrical
◉Contrast . Answer: When elements are juxtaposed to create interesting
differences (not just color)
◉Movement . Answer: Uses elements to lead viewer throughout the
piece
◉Emphasis . Answer: Creates a focal point
◉Pattern . Answer: Repeats elements in the same order
◉Rhythm . Answer: Repeats elements without a specific order
◉Unity . Answer: Harmony created by elements working together
◉Example . Answer: Piet Mondrian mainly uses color, line, and shape in
Composition with Red, Yellow, and Blue (1927). The Starry Night by
,van Gogh uses several principles, including contrast, emphasis, balance,
and movement.
◉Relationship of elements to principles . Answer: The elements are the
building blocks of visual art, and the principles are ways to organize
those elements. Artists can use some or all to create their artwork,
explain their artistic decisions, or analyze another artist's artwork. These
are "established criteria that are used to objectively judge artwork."
◉Golden mean/ golden ratio . Answer: Term used to describe how
elements within a piece of art can be placed in the most aesthetically
pleasing way, based on math
Approximately 1 to 1.618
◉Hierarchical organization . Answer: artist uses unnatural proportion or
scale to depict the relative importance of the figures in the artwork
◉Perspective . Answer: art technique for creating an illusion of 3D
(depth and space) on a 2D (flat) surface
◉Viewpoint . Answer: The position from where you view the scene
◉Horizon Line . Answer: The imaginary horizontal line in the distance
that is eye level
, ◉Vanishing Lines . Answer: Lines that come together (converge) at the
vanishing point.
◉One point perspective . Answer: One vanishing point along the
horizon line
◉Two point perspective . Answer: Two vanishing points on the horizon
line
◉Foreshortening . Answer: Use of distortion to create the illusion of an
object extending into space
◉Atmospheric Perspective . Answer: The effect of distance or
atmosphere shown through haziness or changes in color
◉Juxtaposition . Answer: Placing two things closely together to
emphasize similarities or differences
◉Appropriation . Answer: Using pre-existing objects or images with
little or no transformation
◉Transformation . Answer: Some artists take every day or found objects
and transform them into something new
