MCAT Biology Practice Final Exam
2026/2027 Updated Verified
Questions and Solutions A+ Pass
Guaranteed
1. Glucose typically enters the cell through which
mechanism?
A. Simple diffusion through the cell membrane
B. Facilitated diffusion through a carrier protein
C. Pinocytosis through a channel protein
D. Active transport by a glucose transport protein
- ANS - Facilitated diffusion through a carrier protein
2. Glucose is too large and polar to move quickly through
the cell membrane by simple diffusion.
3. Typically the concentration of glucose outside the cell is
higher than inside the cell.
4. Since glucose is moving down a concentration gradient by
entering the cell, the process does not require ATP.
5. Glucose typically enters cells by facilitated diffusion
through a carrier protein.
,6. Which type of membrane protein is most likely to be a
hormone?
A. Lipid-bound protein
B. Peripheral protein
C. Integral protein
D. Steroid
- ANS - Peripheral protein
7. Hormones move through the circulatory system, acting as
signaling molecules to specific organs/cells.
8. A steroid is not a membrane protein.
9. An integral protein can not easily leave the cell membrane
and would therefore be a poor signaling molecule.
10. Lipid-bound proteins remain within the
phospholipid bilayer by the fatty acid tails of
phospholipids. They would also be poor signaling
molecules.
11. Peptide hormones like insulin and growth hormone
interact with integral protein receptors in cell
membranes. These hormones can be considered
peripheral membrane proteins.
12. Pulmonary edema occurs when fluid builds up in the
interstitium between the pulmonary capillaries and the
, alveoli, and eventually enters the alveoli. How do you
decrease the risk of pulmonary edema?
A. Decrease hydrostatic pressure and increase osmotic
pressure
B. Decrease hydrostatic pressure and decrease osmotic
pressure
C. Increase hydrostatic pressure and decrease osmotic
pressure
D. Increase hydrostatic pressure and increase osmotic
pressure
- ANS - Decrease hydrostatic pressure and increase
osmotic pressure
13. Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure a liquid exerts
on its container, and reflects the volume of liquid in a
space.
14. Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent
movement across a semipermeable membrane, and
reflects the protein content of the blood.
15. To decrease the risk of pulmonary edema,
hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid must decrease,
and osmotic pressure exerted on the fluid must increase.
16. At what point does crossing over between sister
chromatids occur?
A. During anaphase I of meiosis
B. During prophase I of meiosis
, C. During anaphase II of meiosis
D. During prophase II of meiosis
- ANS - During prophase I of meiosis
17. Crossing over is a form of genetic recombination in
which homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange
pieces of their genetic material. Crossing over occurs in
prophase I of meiosis, and is often referred to as
synapsis. However, crossing over occurs between
homologous chromosomes, and not between the sister
chromatids of an individual chromosome. Sister
chromatids are identical pieces of DNA joined at the
centromere to make up one chromosome.
18. Your trachea have short hair-like cell process that
move the mucus. What is the name of these hair like
structures and which cytoskeletal elements form them?
A. Cilia, microfilaments
B. Villi, microfilaments
C. Villi, microtubules
D. Cilia, microtubules
- ANS - Cilia, microtubules
19. Villi are macroscopic foldings of tissue
20. Microvilli are foldings of the cell membrane that
increase the surface area of cell but are not responsible
for movement
2026/2027 Updated Verified
Questions and Solutions A+ Pass
Guaranteed
1. Glucose typically enters the cell through which
mechanism?
A. Simple diffusion through the cell membrane
B. Facilitated diffusion through a carrier protein
C. Pinocytosis through a channel protein
D. Active transport by a glucose transport protein
- ANS - Facilitated diffusion through a carrier protein
2. Glucose is too large and polar to move quickly through
the cell membrane by simple diffusion.
3. Typically the concentration of glucose outside the cell is
higher than inside the cell.
4. Since glucose is moving down a concentration gradient by
entering the cell, the process does not require ATP.
5. Glucose typically enters cells by facilitated diffusion
through a carrier protein.
,6. Which type of membrane protein is most likely to be a
hormone?
A. Lipid-bound protein
B. Peripheral protein
C. Integral protein
D. Steroid
- ANS - Peripheral protein
7. Hormones move through the circulatory system, acting as
signaling molecules to specific organs/cells.
8. A steroid is not a membrane protein.
9. An integral protein can not easily leave the cell membrane
and would therefore be a poor signaling molecule.
10. Lipid-bound proteins remain within the
phospholipid bilayer by the fatty acid tails of
phospholipids. They would also be poor signaling
molecules.
11. Peptide hormones like insulin and growth hormone
interact with integral protein receptors in cell
membranes. These hormones can be considered
peripheral membrane proteins.
12. Pulmonary edema occurs when fluid builds up in the
interstitium between the pulmonary capillaries and the
, alveoli, and eventually enters the alveoli. How do you
decrease the risk of pulmonary edema?
A. Decrease hydrostatic pressure and increase osmotic
pressure
B. Decrease hydrostatic pressure and decrease osmotic
pressure
C. Increase hydrostatic pressure and decrease osmotic
pressure
D. Increase hydrostatic pressure and increase osmotic
pressure
- ANS - Decrease hydrostatic pressure and increase
osmotic pressure
13. Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure a liquid exerts
on its container, and reflects the volume of liquid in a
space.
14. Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent
movement across a semipermeable membrane, and
reflects the protein content of the blood.
15. To decrease the risk of pulmonary edema,
hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid must decrease,
and osmotic pressure exerted on the fluid must increase.
16. At what point does crossing over between sister
chromatids occur?
A. During anaphase I of meiosis
B. During prophase I of meiosis
, C. During anaphase II of meiosis
D. During prophase II of meiosis
- ANS - During prophase I of meiosis
17. Crossing over is a form of genetic recombination in
which homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange
pieces of their genetic material. Crossing over occurs in
prophase I of meiosis, and is often referred to as
synapsis. However, crossing over occurs between
homologous chromosomes, and not between the sister
chromatids of an individual chromosome. Sister
chromatids are identical pieces of DNA joined at the
centromere to make up one chromosome.
18. Your trachea have short hair-like cell process that
move the mucus. What is the name of these hair like
structures and which cytoskeletal elements form them?
A. Cilia, microfilaments
B. Villi, microfilaments
C. Villi, microtubules
D. Cilia, microtubules
- ANS - Cilia, microtubules
19. Villi are macroscopic foldings of tissue
20. Microvilli are foldings of the cell membrane that
increase the surface area of cell but are not responsible
for movement
