BIO 121 Exam Study Guide:
Questions and Verified Answers.
Latest 2026 Update
,What are the 4 characteristics of life? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Energy
2. Development/Growth
3. Reproduction
4. Population/Evolving
Name the structures that air passes through as it enters the respiratory system. - CORRECT
ANSWER-Air Travels Through:
1. Nose - air enters the body and particles are trapped by hairs
2. Pharynx - connected to nose and mouth
3. Larynx - air passes across vocal cords
4. Trachea - windpipe that carries air down the neck towards the lungs
5. Bronchi - tubes leading into the right and left lungs
6. Alveoli - small air sacs where gasses are exchanged
· Diaphragm moves down
· Ribs move up and out
· Lungs expand - pulling in air - CORRECT ANSWER-Inhalation
· Diaphragm moves up
· Ribs move down and in
· Lungs contract - releasing air
· Some air remains in the lungs - CORRECT ANSWER-Exhalation
,What is the difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Prokaryotes - NO nucleus
Eukaryotes - nucleus and other structures
What is the difference between Active and Passive Transport? - CORRECT ANSWER-Active
- proteins move against the concentration gradient (L -> H)
Passive - proteins move with the concentration gradient (H -> L)
the cell's DNA - CORRECT ANSWER-Nucleus
powerhouse of the cell - CORRECT ANSWER-Mitochondria
helps proteins go in/out of the cell - CORRECT ANSWER-Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
assembles membranes and functions in the cell - CORRECT ANSWER-
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
mailbox - packages products for transport - CORRECT ANSWER-Golgi Apparatus
, breaks down garbage - CORRECT ANSWER-Lysosome
assembles proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Ribosome
outside of the nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER-Cytoplasm
What is the structure and function of the cell membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER-It serves as
the cell's skin that controls what goes into and out of the cell
What does Mitosis produce? - CORRECT ANSWER-Two daughter cells that have the same
genetic information as the parent cell
Why is Mitosis important? - CORRECT ANSWER-By producing new cells
- our bodies are replacing old, lost, damaged ones --> essential for our growth
What is the order of Mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Prophase Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
Questions and Verified Answers.
Latest 2026 Update
,What are the 4 characteristics of life? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Energy
2. Development/Growth
3. Reproduction
4. Population/Evolving
Name the structures that air passes through as it enters the respiratory system. - CORRECT
ANSWER-Air Travels Through:
1. Nose - air enters the body and particles are trapped by hairs
2. Pharynx - connected to nose and mouth
3. Larynx - air passes across vocal cords
4. Trachea - windpipe that carries air down the neck towards the lungs
5. Bronchi - tubes leading into the right and left lungs
6. Alveoli - small air sacs where gasses are exchanged
· Diaphragm moves down
· Ribs move up and out
· Lungs expand - pulling in air - CORRECT ANSWER-Inhalation
· Diaphragm moves up
· Ribs move down and in
· Lungs contract - releasing air
· Some air remains in the lungs - CORRECT ANSWER-Exhalation
,What is the difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Prokaryotes - NO nucleus
Eukaryotes - nucleus and other structures
What is the difference between Active and Passive Transport? - CORRECT ANSWER-Active
- proteins move against the concentration gradient (L -> H)
Passive - proteins move with the concentration gradient (H -> L)
the cell's DNA - CORRECT ANSWER-Nucleus
powerhouse of the cell - CORRECT ANSWER-Mitochondria
helps proteins go in/out of the cell - CORRECT ANSWER-Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
assembles membranes and functions in the cell - CORRECT ANSWER-
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
mailbox - packages products for transport - CORRECT ANSWER-Golgi Apparatus
, breaks down garbage - CORRECT ANSWER-Lysosome
assembles proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-Ribosome
outside of the nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER-Cytoplasm
What is the structure and function of the cell membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER-It serves as
the cell's skin that controls what goes into and out of the cell
What does Mitosis produce? - CORRECT ANSWER-Two daughter cells that have the same
genetic information as the parent cell
Why is Mitosis important? - CORRECT ANSWER-By producing new cells
- our bodies are replacing old, lost, damaged ones --> essential for our growth
What is the order of Mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-Prophase Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
