BIOS 256 EXAM 3 COMPREHENSIVE TEST
PAPER 2026 COMPLETE ANSWERS
ACCURATE
⫸ Why do women and obese people have less body water? Answer:
adipose tissue does not hold water
⫸ new borns are ___% water Answer: 75
⫸ how much water is in the ICF? Answer: 65%
⫸ how much water is in the ECF? Answer: 35%
⫸ how much water is in the tissues (interstitial fluid)? Answer: 25%
⫸ how much water is in the blood plasma and lymphatic tissue?
Answer: 8%
⫸ how much water is in the transcellular fluid? Answer: 2%
⫸ where is intracellular fluid found? Answer: inside the cells
,⫸ ____ fluid comprises the majority of all body fluids Answer:
intracellular
⫸ intracellular fluid makes up __ total body fluid Answer: 2/3
⫸ where is extracellular fluid found? Answer: outside the cells
⫸ extracellular fluid makes up ___ total body fluid Answer: 1/3
⫸ what categories are extracellular fluid divided into? Answer:
interstitial fluid, blood plasma
⫸ where is interstitial fluid found? Answer: between the cells
⫸ what are the functions of electrolytes? Answer: control osmosis,
regulate body secretions, maintain acid-base balance, carry electric
current, serve as cofactors
⫸ what are electrolytes maintained by? Answer: kidneys
reabsorbing/secreting electrolytes, oral/IV intake, secretion of hormones
(ADH, aldosterone, PTH)
⫸ what is natriuresis? Answer: excretion of sodium in the urine
⫸ what hormone promotes natriuresis? Answer: ANP
, ⫸ how does ANP promote natruiresis? Answer: increases excretion of
Na+ by inhibiting Na+ pumps
⫸ what is the most abundant cation in the ECF? Answer: Na+
⫸ what is the most abundant anion in the ECF? Answer: Cl-
⫸ what is the most abundant cation in the ICF? Answer: K+
⫸ what is the most abundant anion in the ICF? Answer: phosphate
⫸ what is aldosterone? Answer: salt retaining hormone
⫸ aldosterone plays a primary role in _____ Answer: adjusting sodium
excretion
⫸ what is hypotension Answer: low blood pressure
⫸ what does hypotension stimulate? Answer: secretion of renin
⫸ what does renin stimulate? Answer: secretion of angiotensin
⫸ what does angiotensin stimulate? Answer: secretion of aldosterone
PAPER 2026 COMPLETE ANSWERS
ACCURATE
⫸ Why do women and obese people have less body water? Answer:
adipose tissue does not hold water
⫸ new borns are ___% water Answer: 75
⫸ how much water is in the ICF? Answer: 65%
⫸ how much water is in the ECF? Answer: 35%
⫸ how much water is in the tissues (interstitial fluid)? Answer: 25%
⫸ how much water is in the blood plasma and lymphatic tissue?
Answer: 8%
⫸ how much water is in the transcellular fluid? Answer: 2%
⫸ where is intracellular fluid found? Answer: inside the cells
,⫸ ____ fluid comprises the majority of all body fluids Answer:
intracellular
⫸ intracellular fluid makes up __ total body fluid Answer: 2/3
⫸ where is extracellular fluid found? Answer: outside the cells
⫸ extracellular fluid makes up ___ total body fluid Answer: 1/3
⫸ what categories are extracellular fluid divided into? Answer:
interstitial fluid, blood plasma
⫸ where is interstitial fluid found? Answer: between the cells
⫸ what are the functions of electrolytes? Answer: control osmosis,
regulate body secretions, maintain acid-base balance, carry electric
current, serve as cofactors
⫸ what are electrolytes maintained by? Answer: kidneys
reabsorbing/secreting electrolytes, oral/IV intake, secretion of hormones
(ADH, aldosterone, PTH)
⫸ what is natriuresis? Answer: excretion of sodium in the urine
⫸ what hormone promotes natriuresis? Answer: ANP
, ⫸ how does ANP promote natruiresis? Answer: increases excretion of
Na+ by inhibiting Na+ pumps
⫸ what is the most abundant cation in the ECF? Answer: Na+
⫸ what is the most abundant anion in the ECF? Answer: Cl-
⫸ what is the most abundant cation in the ICF? Answer: K+
⫸ what is the most abundant anion in the ICF? Answer: phosphate
⫸ what is aldosterone? Answer: salt retaining hormone
⫸ aldosterone plays a primary role in _____ Answer: adjusting sodium
excretion
⫸ what is hypotension Answer: low blood pressure
⫸ what does hypotension stimulate? Answer: secretion of renin
⫸ what does renin stimulate? Answer: secretion of angiotensin
⫸ what does angiotensin stimulate? Answer: secretion of aldosterone
