CVAD EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026/2027
What is a Central Venous Access Device (CVAD)? - Answers A vascular access device whose tip
terminates in the superior vena cava
What are the two main reasons a CVAD is needed? - Answers Difficult IV access requiring long-
term therapy
Medications that require large blood volume dilution or irritation
Why do some medications require central access? - Answers They can damage peripheral veins
and cause tissue necrosis
What monitoring benefit does a CVAD provide? - Answers Allows internal pressure monitoring
such as CVP
What is the most common CVAD complication? - Answers CLABSI → Central line-associated
bloodstream infection
CRBSI → Catheter-related bloodstream infection
Why are CLABSIs dangerous? - Answers They lead to sepsis, which increases mortality and
kidney damage
What factors increase CVAD infection risk? - Answers Prolonged hospitalization
Femoral/ internal jugular placement
TPN
Excessive manipulation
How does TPN increase infection risk? - Answers High glucose content promotes bacterial
growth
Which CVAD site has the highest infection risk? - Answers Femoral site
What insertion locations have higher infection risk? - Answers ICU or emergency department
What type of CVAD has higher infection rates due to design? - Answers Multilumen catheters
How does prolonged dwell time affect CVADs? - Answers Increases infection risk
What is an air embolism? - Answers Air entering the bloodstream from tubing or syringe
What insertion complication can cause a pneumothorax? - Answers Accidental arterial puncture
What causes catheter occlusion? - Answers Improper flushing or catheter damage
What is a Central Venous Access Device (CVAD)? - Answers A vascular access device whose tip
terminates in the superior vena cava
What are the two main reasons a CVAD is needed? - Answers Difficult IV access requiring long-
term therapy
Medications that require large blood volume dilution or irritation
Why do some medications require central access? - Answers They can damage peripheral veins
and cause tissue necrosis
What monitoring benefit does a CVAD provide? - Answers Allows internal pressure monitoring
such as CVP
What is the most common CVAD complication? - Answers CLABSI → Central line-associated
bloodstream infection
CRBSI → Catheter-related bloodstream infection
Why are CLABSIs dangerous? - Answers They lead to sepsis, which increases mortality and
kidney damage
What factors increase CVAD infection risk? - Answers Prolonged hospitalization
Femoral/ internal jugular placement
TPN
Excessive manipulation
How does TPN increase infection risk? - Answers High glucose content promotes bacterial
growth
Which CVAD site has the highest infection risk? - Answers Femoral site
What insertion locations have higher infection risk? - Answers ICU or emergency department
What type of CVAD has higher infection rates due to design? - Answers Multilumen catheters
How does prolonged dwell time affect CVADs? - Answers Increases infection risk
What is an air embolism? - Answers Air entering the bloodstream from tubing or syringe
What insertion complication can cause a pneumothorax? - Answers Accidental arterial puncture
What causes catheter occlusion? - Answers Improper flushing or catheter damage
