Chapter01:NursingToday
v6 v6 v6
Potter:Fundamentals ofNursing,11thEdition
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
MULTIPLECHOICE v6
,1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. FlorenceNightingale v6
b. Mary Nutting v6
c. ClaraBarton v6
d. Lillian Wald v6
ANS: A v 6
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Understand(comprehension) v6
OBJ:Discussthe influenceof social, historical, political, and economic changes onnursing practices.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance v 6 v6 v6 v6
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nursing practice is the nurse following?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C v 6
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v 6
pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
implements (carries out) the identified plan.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Understand(comprehension) v6
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 TOP:Planning v6
MSC: Management of Care
v6 v 6 v6 v6
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advancedbeginner v6
ANS: A v 6
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range goals. A
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
or principles of nursing care.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Apply (application) v6
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 TOP:Evaluation v6
MSC: Management of Care
v6 v 6 v6 v6
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids. The
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
v6 nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B v 6
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-RN, the nurse may choose to work
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that you are
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Apply (application) v6
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 TOP:Implementation v6
MSC: Management of Care
v6 v 6 v6 v6
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
implementing?
v6
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B v 6
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Apply (application) v6
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 TOP:Implementation v6
MSC: Management of Care
v6 v 6 v6 v6
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
desire, which program should the nurse attend?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) v6 v6 v6 v6
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
ANS: B v 6
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
award the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
practitioners.
v6
DIF:Understand(comprehension) v6
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
education.
v6 TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care v 6 v 6 v6 v6
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Graduateeducation v6
b. Inserviceeducation v6
c. Continuingeducation v6
d. Registered nurse education v6 v6
ANS: C v 6
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue graduate
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individual intending
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
to be an RN.
v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Apply (application) v6
OBJ:Compareandcontrast theeducational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
v6 v6 v6
Potter:Fundamentals ofNursing,11thEdition
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
MULTIPLECHOICE v6
,1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. FlorenceNightingale v6
b. Mary Nutting v6
c. ClaraBarton v6
d. Lillian Wald v6
ANS: A v 6
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Understand(comprehension) v6
OBJ:Discussthe influenceof social, historical, political, and economic changes onnursing practices.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance v 6 v6 v6 v6
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nursing practice is the nurse following?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C v 6
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v 6
pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
implements (carries out) the identified plan.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Understand(comprehension) v6
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 TOP:Planning v6
MSC: Management of Care
v6 v 6 v6 v6
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advancedbeginner v6
ANS: A v 6
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range goals. A
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
or principles of nursing care.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Apply (application) v6
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 TOP:Evaluation v6
MSC: Management of Care
v6 v 6 v6 v6
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids. The
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
v6 nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B v 6
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-RN, the nurse may choose to work
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that you are
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Apply (application) v6
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 TOP:Implementation v6
MSC: Management of Care
v6 v 6 v6 v6
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
implementing?
v6
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B v 6
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Apply (application) v6
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 TOP:Implementation v6
MSC: Management of Care
v6 v 6 v6 v6
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse.
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
desire, which program should the nurse attend?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) v6 v6 v6 v6
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
ANS: B v 6
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
award the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
practitioners.
v6
DIF:Understand(comprehension) v6
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
education.
v6 TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care v 6 v 6 v6 v6
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
a. Graduateeducation v6
b. Inserviceeducation v6
c. Continuingeducation v6
d. Registered nurse education v6 v6
ANS: C v 6
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue graduate
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individual intending
v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
to be an RN.
v6 v6 v6 v6
DIF:Apply (application) v6
OBJ:Compareandcontrast theeducational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6 v6
