Chapter01:NursingToday
a2 a2 a2
Potter:Fundamentals ofNursing,11thEdition
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
MULTIPLECHOICE a2
,1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. FlorenceNightingale a2
b. MaryNutting a2
c. ClaraBarton a2
d. Lillian Wald a2
ANS: A a 2
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Understand(comprehension) a2
OBJ:Discussthe influenceof social, historical, political, and economic changesonnursingpractices.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance a 2 a2 a2 a2
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nursing practice is the nurse following?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C a 2
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a 2
pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
implements (carries out) the identified plan.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Understand(comprehension) a2
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 TOP:Planning a2
MSC: Management of Care
a2 a 2 a2 a2
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advancedbeginner a2
ANS: A a 2
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range goals. A
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
or principles of nursing care.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Apply(application) a2
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 TOP:Evaluation a2
MSC: Management of Care
a2 a 2 a2 a2
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids. The
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a2 nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B a 2
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-RN, the nurse may choose to work
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that you are
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Apply(application) a2
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 TOP:Implementation a2
MSC: Management of Care
a2 a 2 a2 a2
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
implementing?
a2
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B a 2
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Apply(application) a2
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 TOP:Implementation a2
MSC: Management of Care
a2 a 2 a2 a2
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
desire, which program should the nurse attend?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Doctor of NursingScience degree (DNSc) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) a2 a2 a2 a2
c. Doctor of NursingPractice degree (DNP) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
ANS: B a 2
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
award the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
practitioners.
a2
DIF:Understand(comprehension) a2
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
education.
a2 TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care a 2 a 2 a2 a2
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Graduateeducation a2
b. Inserviceeducation a2
c. Continuingeducation a2
d. Registered nurse education a2 a2
ANS: C a 2
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue graduate
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individual intending
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
to be an RN.
a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Apply(application) a2
OBJ:Compareandcontrastthe educational programs availablefor professionalregistered nurse(RN) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a2 a2 a2
Potter:Fundamentals ofNursing,11thEdition
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
MULTIPLECHOICE a2
,1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. FlorenceNightingale a2
b. MaryNutting a2
c. ClaraBarton a2
d. Lillian Wald a2
ANS: A a 2
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Understand(comprehension) a2
OBJ:Discussthe influenceof social, historical, political, and economic changesonnursingpractices.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance a 2 a2 a2 a2
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nursing practice is the nurse following?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C a 2
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a 2
pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
implements (carries out) the identified plan.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Understand(comprehension) a2
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 TOP:Planning a2
MSC: Management of Care
a2 a 2 a2 a2
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advancedbeginner a2
ANS: A a 2
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) is
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a whole, is
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-range goals. A
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beginner. This
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
or principles of nursing care.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Apply(application) a2
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 TOP:Evaluation a2
MSC: Management of Care
a2 a 2 a2 a2
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids. The
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a2 nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B a 2
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-RN, the nurse may choose to work
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability means that you are
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Apply(application) a2
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 TOP:Implementation a2
MSC: Management of Care
a2 a 2 a2 a2
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
implementing?
a2
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B a 2
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a caregiver, you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Apply(application) a2
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 TOP:Implementation a2
MSC: Management of Care
a2 a 2 a2 a2
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice nurse.
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill this
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
desire, which program should the nurse attend?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Doctor of NursingScience degree (DNSc) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) a2 a2 a2 a2
c. Doctor of NursingPractice degree (DNP) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
ANS: B a 2
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
award the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
practitioners.
a2
DIF:Understand(comprehension) a2
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
education.
a2 TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care a 2 a 2 a2 a2
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurses
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
a. Graduateeducation a2
b. Inserviceeducation a2
c. Continuingeducation a2
d. Registered nurse education a2 a2
ANS: C a 2
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue graduate
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individual intending
a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
to be an RN.
a2 a2 a2 a2
DIF:Apply(application) a2
OBJ:Compareandcontrastthe educational programs availablefor professionalregistered nurse(RN) a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
