1: HISTORY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE
CALIFORNIA HISTORY CORRECT
100%
Bering Strait - ANSWERMany people believe this was once a land bridge connecting
Russia and Alaska; the first Americans used this to settle in North America
California Indians - ANSWERSpoke a great diversity of dialects. Largest concentration
of Indians in North America. Similar physical traits and features. Primarily
hunter/gatherer societies. Subsistence was based almost exclusively on availble
resources.
When did the earliest peoples arrive in California? - ANSWERAbout 15,000 years ago
Why were California's indigenous people isolated from the cultures that developed on
the Great Plains? - ANSWERRugged topography:
. mountains
. deserts
Were California's indigenous people isolated from the cultures in Mexico? -
ANSWERYes. It's the topography thing again.
Travel by foot within a region was easy or difficult? - ANSWERDifficult--topography
Why did California have a patchwork of isolated and distinct tribal groupings? -
ANSWERRegional relations between groups were limited b/c travel was difficult
The geologic period during which people crossed the Bering Strait land bridge into
North America? - ANSWERLate Pleistocene or Early Ice Age 20,000 to 30,000 years
ago
Is there controversy about when people arrived in California? - ANSWERYes. Evidence
from the archaeological site at Calico could push the date to 50,000.
California Indian Language - ANSWERDiverse set of dialects Remember the were
isolated by the topography
Were there a large number of California Indians or a small number? - ANSWERLarge
number:
. Estimated: 150,000 - 300,000
, How did the California Indian dwellings vary with location & climate? - ANSWERNorth:
frame & plank
Southern desert: brush shelters
Coast: earthen mounds
Relative to the Plains Indians, were the California Indians warlike? - ANSWERNo.
Were the weapons of the California Indians very sophisticated? - ANSWERNo. bow and
arrow, obsidian points hunting blades, spears, harpoons, clubs, and throwing sticks
What did the California Indians eat? - ANSWERAcorns
. Oak trees were plentiful
Acorn Preparation - ANSWER. dry
. store
. crack
. leach
before eating
Transportation reflected geographic factors. What 2 kinds of boats were used? -
ANSWERSouth: balsa & raft-type boats
North: plank canoes
Shared heritage:
How was lineage traced? - ANSWERPaternal side
Shared heritage:
What was smoked in ceremonies? - ANSWERjimsonweed Native tobacco
Shared heritage:
Were sweathouses used by men only or both men and women? - ANSWERMen only
Shared heritage:
Religions involved:
. myths . creation stories
annnnd - ANSWER* Shamanism
* Influence of nature
Shaman - ANSWERThe single person who takes on the roles of priest, counselor, and
physician and acts as a conduit to the supernatural world in a shamanist culture.
T/F: Shaman usually goes into a trance during rituals or when practicing divination &
healing. - ANSWERTrue
Shared heritage: