1/21/26, 6:15 AM MCAT Biology Review 2024-2025 Flashcards | Quizlet
Science Biology Cell Biology Save
MCAT Biology Review 2024-2025
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meiosis Biology: Cell Structure, Organelles, ... Chapter 1 and chapter 2 Ex
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Terms in this set (730)
What are the four basic tenets if cell theory? 1. all living things are composed of cells
2. the cell is the basic functional unit of life
3. cells arise from preexisting cells
4. cells carry genetic information in the form of DNA and can be passed on
from parent to daughter cell
Why are viruses not considered living organisms? they are acellular, cannot reproduce without assistance of a host cell, and may
use RNA as their genetic material
Eukaryotic cell contains membrane-bound organelles, a nucleus and may form multi-cellular
organisms
What do membranes contain? phospholipids that organize to form a hydrophilic interior and exterior surfaces
with a hydrophobic core
Cytosol substance that suspends organelles and allows diffusion of molecules
throughout the cell
Nucleus contains DNA organized into chromosomes and is surrounded by a nuclear
membrane/envelope
Nuclear membrane/envelope double membrane that contains nuclear pores for two-way exchange of
materials between the nucleus and the cytosol
Nucleolus subsection of the nucleus in which ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized
Mitochondria double membrane organelle that is the location of ATP synthesis, can undergo
binary fission, and can trigger apoptosis
Lysosomes contains hydrolytic enzymes that break down substances ingested by
endocytosis and cellular waste and can trigger autolysis
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, 1/21/26, 6:15 AM MCAT Biology Review 2024-2025 Flashcards | Quizlet
Rough endoplasmic reticulum series of interconnected membranes that is continuous with the nuclear
envelop that is studded with ribosomes to permit the translation of proteins
destined for secretion
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum series of interconnected membranes that is continuous with the nuclear
envelop that is used for lipid synthesis, detoxification, and protein transport
Golgi apparatus stacked membrane-bound sacs in which cellular products can be modified,
packaged, and directed to specific cellular locations
Peroxisomes contain hydrogen peroxide and can break down very long fatty acids via beta-
oxidation; can participate in phospholipid synthesis and pentose phosphate
pathway
Cytoskeleton provides stability and rigidity to the overall structure if the cell and provides
transport pathways for molecules within the cell
Microfilaments composed of actin and help provide structural protection to the cell ; cause
muscle contraction through interactions with myosin and help form cleavage
furrow in cytokinesis in mitosis
What is the composition of microtubules? composed of tubulin
What is the role of microtubules in cellular transport? creates pathways for motor proteins like kinesin and dynein to carry vesicles
How are microtubules organized in cilia and flagella? organized in a 9+2 structure
Where are centrioles found and what is their function? found in centrosomes and help with microtubule organization in the mitotic
spindle
Intermediate filaments involved in cell-cell adhesion and maintenance of the integrity of the
cytoskeleton; help anchor organelles
Epithelial tissue covers the body and lines its cavities to prevent pathogen invasion; sone can
absorb or secrete substances or participate in sensation
Parenchyma functional parts of the organ
What mostly forms the parenchyma in organs? epithelial cell
Can epithelial cells be polarizded? Yes, one side can face the lumen or the outside world while the other side
faces blood cells and structural cells
What are the three ways epithelial cells can be simple, stratified, pseudostratified
classified based on number of layers?
Simple epithelial contains a single layer
Stratified epithelial contains many layers
Pseudostratified epithelial appears to have multiple layers due to varying heights of cell but actually
contain only one layer
https://quizlet.com/996302650/mcat-biology-review-2024-2025-flash-cards/ 2/6
Science Biology Cell Biology Save
MCAT Biology Review 2024-2025
Leave the first rating
Students also studied
meiosis Biology: Cell Structure, Organelles, ... Chapter 1 and chapter 2 Ex
23 terms 15 terms 122 terms 93
quizlette79094087 Preview paulalovealbuspotter Preview brooke_depeel Preview
Terms in this set (730)
What are the four basic tenets if cell theory? 1. all living things are composed of cells
2. the cell is the basic functional unit of life
3. cells arise from preexisting cells
4. cells carry genetic information in the form of DNA and can be passed on
from parent to daughter cell
Why are viruses not considered living organisms? they are acellular, cannot reproduce without assistance of a host cell, and may
use RNA as their genetic material
Eukaryotic cell contains membrane-bound organelles, a nucleus and may form multi-cellular
organisms
What do membranes contain? phospholipids that organize to form a hydrophilic interior and exterior surfaces
with a hydrophobic core
Cytosol substance that suspends organelles and allows diffusion of molecules
throughout the cell
Nucleus contains DNA organized into chromosomes and is surrounded by a nuclear
membrane/envelope
Nuclear membrane/envelope double membrane that contains nuclear pores for two-way exchange of
materials between the nucleus and the cytosol
Nucleolus subsection of the nucleus in which ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized
Mitochondria double membrane organelle that is the location of ATP synthesis, can undergo
binary fission, and can trigger apoptosis
Lysosomes contains hydrolytic enzymes that break down substances ingested by
endocytosis and cellular waste and can trigger autolysis
https://quizlet.com/996302650/mcat-biology-review-2024-2025-flash-cards/ 1/6
, 1/21/26, 6:15 AM MCAT Biology Review 2024-2025 Flashcards | Quizlet
Rough endoplasmic reticulum series of interconnected membranes that is continuous with the nuclear
envelop that is studded with ribosomes to permit the translation of proteins
destined for secretion
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum series of interconnected membranes that is continuous with the nuclear
envelop that is used for lipid synthesis, detoxification, and protein transport
Golgi apparatus stacked membrane-bound sacs in which cellular products can be modified,
packaged, and directed to specific cellular locations
Peroxisomes contain hydrogen peroxide and can break down very long fatty acids via beta-
oxidation; can participate in phospholipid synthesis and pentose phosphate
pathway
Cytoskeleton provides stability and rigidity to the overall structure if the cell and provides
transport pathways for molecules within the cell
Microfilaments composed of actin and help provide structural protection to the cell ; cause
muscle contraction through interactions with myosin and help form cleavage
furrow in cytokinesis in mitosis
What is the composition of microtubules? composed of tubulin
What is the role of microtubules in cellular transport? creates pathways for motor proteins like kinesin and dynein to carry vesicles
How are microtubules organized in cilia and flagella? organized in a 9+2 structure
Where are centrioles found and what is their function? found in centrosomes and help with microtubule organization in the mitotic
spindle
Intermediate filaments involved in cell-cell adhesion and maintenance of the integrity of the
cytoskeleton; help anchor organelles
Epithelial tissue covers the body and lines its cavities to prevent pathogen invasion; sone can
absorb or secrete substances or participate in sensation
Parenchyma functional parts of the organ
What mostly forms the parenchyma in organs? epithelial cell
Can epithelial cells be polarizded? Yes, one side can face the lumen or the outside world while the other side
faces blood cells and structural cells
What are the three ways epithelial cells can be simple, stratified, pseudostratified
classified based on number of layers?
Simple epithelial contains a single layer
Stratified epithelial contains many layers
Pseudostratified epithelial appears to have multiple layers due to varying heights of cell but actually
contain only one layer
https://quizlet.com/996302650/mcat-biology-review-2024-2025-flash-cards/ 2/6
