BIOD 171 MICROBIOLOGY LAB 2 EXAM
PORTAGE LEARNING 2026 EXAMINATION TEST
FULL SOLVED QUESTIONS
⩥What is the smallest biological unit of life? - the cell
⩥What is a macromolecule? - My answer: Macromolecules are large
and complicated molecules that are made up of smaller molecules.
Examples of macromolecules are polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids,
and proteins.
More info:
- Proteins are made up of amino acids (of which there are 20 different
types).
- Nucleic Acids can be either DNA or RNA. Nucleic acids are made up
of nucleotides. For DNA, the nucleotides are adenine (A), guanine (G),
cytosine (C) and thymine (T). For RNA, the nucleotides are adenine (A),
guanine (G), cytosine (C) and uracil (U).
- Lipids are made up of hydrocarbons.
- Polysaccharides are made up of monosaccharides.
Answer Key: A macromolecule is classified as a complex molecule that
is composed from smaller subunits.
⩥What are the four main types of macromolecules? - My answer:
polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins
, Answer Key: Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides
⩥What various functions do proteins have in a cell? - My Answer:
Proteins have several functions in the cell;
1. To assist materials in moving in and out of the cell
2. To act as a catalyst enzyme which speeds up a biochemical process
3. To provide structure in the cell
4. To enable movement (e.g. filaments)
Answer Key: Proteins may facilitate the movement of materials in or out
of a cell. Some can act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up,
biochemical processes. Others play a structural role while other proteins,
such as filaments, enable movement.
⩥What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles? - My
Answer: The two major types of nucleic acids and their roles are as
follows;
1. DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell. DNA's role in the cell is to
store hereditary information.
2. RNA: Ribonucleic acid
RNA is located in nucleus as well, but can also travel outside of the
nucleus into other parts of the cell.
PORTAGE LEARNING 2026 EXAMINATION TEST
FULL SOLVED QUESTIONS
⩥What is the smallest biological unit of life? - the cell
⩥What is a macromolecule? - My answer: Macromolecules are large
and complicated molecules that are made up of smaller molecules.
Examples of macromolecules are polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids,
and proteins.
More info:
- Proteins are made up of amino acids (of which there are 20 different
types).
- Nucleic Acids can be either DNA or RNA. Nucleic acids are made up
of nucleotides. For DNA, the nucleotides are adenine (A), guanine (G),
cytosine (C) and thymine (T). For RNA, the nucleotides are adenine (A),
guanine (G), cytosine (C) and uracil (U).
- Lipids are made up of hydrocarbons.
- Polysaccharides are made up of monosaccharides.
Answer Key: A macromolecule is classified as a complex molecule that
is composed from smaller subunits.
⩥What are the four main types of macromolecules? - My answer:
polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins
, Answer Key: Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides
⩥What various functions do proteins have in a cell? - My Answer:
Proteins have several functions in the cell;
1. To assist materials in moving in and out of the cell
2. To act as a catalyst enzyme which speeds up a biochemical process
3. To provide structure in the cell
4. To enable movement (e.g. filaments)
Answer Key: Proteins may facilitate the movement of materials in or out
of a cell. Some can act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up,
biochemical processes. Others play a structural role while other proteins,
such as filaments, enable movement.
⩥What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles? - My
Answer: The two major types of nucleic acids and their roles are as
follows;
1. DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell. DNA's role in the cell is to
store hereditary information.
2. RNA: Ribonucleic acid
RNA is located in nucleus as well, but can also travel outside of the
nucleus into other parts of the cell.
