EMERGENCY MEDICINE SAEM EXAM REVIEW
STUDY SHEET 2026 ACCURATE RESPONSES
FULL SOLUTION
◉ 1. Perforated viscus: sensitivity of XR?
2. test of choice?
3. labs?
4. Tx?
5. mortality? Answer: 1. 30-80% having pt sit upright 10mins incr
sens.
2. CT most sens & spec
3. type/cross, H/H, PT/INR, WBC, lactate, lipase, LFTs, BMP
4. 2 IVs, O2, IVF, Abx (cipro, metro, Pip/Tazo, imipenem)
5. up to 50%
◉ 1. MC causes SBO?
2. MC cause LBO?
3. Sx?
4. Dx testing? + test?
5. management? Answer: 1. adhesions > hernias/tumors >
strictures, gallstones, Crohn's
2. malignancy
,3. abd pain, initial diarrhea, distention, vomiting
4. upright radiograph->CT w PO & IV contrast. + if loop >2.5 cm
5. NPO, IVF, GI consult, serial abd exams
◉ 1. initial mgmt of testicular torsion?
2. MC age of presentation?
3. PE signs?
4. golden time period?
5. what % of population does not have cresmasteric reflex? what %
with a dead testicle had intact reflex? Answer: 1. US-
heterogenous/hypoechoic on greyscale, Doppler: arterial PLUS
venous flow, high resistance waveform in arterial doppler), consult
urology, NPO, attempt manual detorsion by rotating away from
midline 90 degrees while checking doppler (2/3 of cases)
2. 1st year of life & puberty
3. - Prehn's sign, absent cremasteric reflex. PE signs do NOT rule
out!!
4. 6 hours (theoretical)- time is testicle!
5. 1/3!! 40% with a dead testicle still had a cremasteric reflex!!!
◉ 1. define pulsus paradoxus?
2. options for steroid administration in asthma exacerbation?
3. patients @ risk for getting S. pneumonia?
, 4. name RF for spontaneous pneumo?
5. pt has breathing discomfort after bee sting- Tx options? Answer:
1. fall in SBP >10 mmHg during inspiration
2. IV or oral equally efficacious
3. > 65 yrs old, DM, CAD, splenectomy, SC DZ, malignancy
4. smoking, thin male
5. inhaled albuterol, inhaled epi, heliox by face mask, IV cimetidine
◉ 1. which cause of pneumo is ~ bullous myringitis?
2. describe presentation/complic/mortality of Klebsiella?
3. which org ~ dorms/prisons?
4. MC HCAP orgs? Answer: 1. mycoplasma pneumo
2. MC severe pneumo, empyema, abscess, bacteremia, high mortality,
current jelly sputum
3. chlamydia pneumo
4. S pneumo, H infl, Klebsiella
◉ 1. causes of false + on stool guaic?
2. false -?
3. Mc causes of lower GI bleed? MC site?
4 MC cause upper GI bleed. DDx?
5. name infectious causes of bloody diarrhea
STUDY SHEET 2026 ACCURATE RESPONSES
FULL SOLUTION
◉ 1. Perforated viscus: sensitivity of XR?
2. test of choice?
3. labs?
4. Tx?
5. mortality? Answer: 1. 30-80% having pt sit upright 10mins incr
sens.
2. CT most sens & spec
3. type/cross, H/H, PT/INR, WBC, lactate, lipase, LFTs, BMP
4. 2 IVs, O2, IVF, Abx (cipro, metro, Pip/Tazo, imipenem)
5. up to 50%
◉ 1. MC causes SBO?
2. MC cause LBO?
3. Sx?
4. Dx testing? + test?
5. management? Answer: 1. adhesions > hernias/tumors >
strictures, gallstones, Crohn's
2. malignancy
,3. abd pain, initial diarrhea, distention, vomiting
4. upright radiograph->CT w PO & IV contrast. + if loop >2.5 cm
5. NPO, IVF, GI consult, serial abd exams
◉ 1. initial mgmt of testicular torsion?
2. MC age of presentation?
3. PE signs?
4. golden time period?
5. what % of population does not have cresmasteric reflex? what %
with a dead testicle had intact reflex? Answer: 1. US-
heterogenous/hypoechoic on greyscale, Doppler: arterial PLUS
venous flow, high resistance waveform in arterial doppler), consult
urology, NPO, attempt manual detorsion by rotating away from
midline 90 degrees while checking doppler (2/3 of cases)
2. 1st year of life & puberty
3. - Prehn's sign, absent cremasteric reflex. PE signs do NOT rule
out!!
4. 6 hours (theoretical)- time is testicle!
5. 1/3!! 40% with a dead testicle still had a cremasteric reflex!!!
◉ 1. define pulsus paradoxus?
2. options for steroid administration in asthma exacerbation?
3. patients @ risk for getting S. pneumonia?
, 4. name RF for spontaneous pneumo?
5. pt has breathing discomfort after bee sting- Tx options? Answer:
1. fall in SBP >10 mmHg during inspiration
2. IV or oral equally efficacious
3. > 65 yrs old, DM, CAD, splenectomy, SC DZ, malignancy
4. smoking, thin male
5. inhaled albuterol, inhaled epi, heliox by face mask, IV cimetidine
◉ 1. which cause of pneumo is ~ bullous myringitis?
2. describe presentation/complic/mortality of Klebsiella?
3. which org ~ dorms/prisons?
4. MC HCAP orgs? Answer: 1. mycoplasma pneumo
2. MC severe pneumo, empyema, abscess, bacteremia, high mortality,
current jelly sputum
3. chlamydia pneumo
4. S pneumo, H infl, Klebsiella
◉ 1. causes of false + on stool guaic?
2. false -?
3. Mc causes of lower GI bleed? MC site?
4 MC cause upper GI bleed. DDx?
5. name infectious causes of bloody diarrhea
