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NURS 497
NURS 497 Exam 1 Newest (2026/2027) Complete
Questions and Answers | Graded A
1. The nurse is providing education on bone physiology. Which cell should
the nurse describe as being directly responsible for the resorption of bone
tissue?
A. Osteoblasts
B. Osteocytes
C. Osteoclasts
D. Chondrocytes
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Osteoclasts are specialized cells that break down and absorb bone
tissue, a process essential for bone remodeling. Osteoblasts form bone, and
osteocytes maintain it.
2. A client with a musculoskeletal disorder has an elevated serum alkaline
phosphatase (ALP) level. The nurse understands this finding is most
NURS 497
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NURS 497
consistent with which condition?
A. Hypocalcemia due to malnutrition
B. A muscle disease such as muscular dystrophy
C. A process involving increased bone formation or turnover
D. An acute inflammatory condition like gout
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme released by osteoblasts
during bone formation. Elevated levels are associated with conditions
involving increased bone activity, such as Paget's disease, bone metastases,
or healing fractures.
3. The nurse is assessing a pressure injury on a client's heel. The wound bed
is covered with tan eschar, preventing visualization of the wound base. How
should the nurse document the stage of this ulcer?
A. Stage 4
B. Stage 3
NURS 497
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C. Suspected Deep Tissue Injury
D. Unstageable
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Rationale: Pressure injuries are classified as unstageable when full-thickness
tissue loss exists, but the base of the ulcer is completely obscured by slough
(yellow/tan) or eschar (tan/brown/black). The true depth cannot be
determined until this material is removed.
4. The parent of a 7-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
asks why the child's calf muscles appear large. What is the nurse's best
explanation?
A. "This is due to excellent muscle tone from physical therapy."
B. "It is a sign of muscle inflammation that occurs with the disease."
C. "The muscle fibers are replaced with fat and connective tissue, causing
pseudohypertrophy."
D. "It indicates fluid retention, a common complication of DMD."
NURS 497
NURS 497
NURS 497 Exam 1 Newest (2026/2027) Complete
Questions and Answers | Graded A
1. The nurse is providing education on bone physiology. Which cell should
the nurse describe as being directly responsible for the resorption of bone
tissue?
A. Osteoblasts
B. Osteocytes
C. Osteoclasts
D. Chondrocytes
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Osteoclasts are specialized cells that break down and absorb bone
tissue, a process essential for bone remodeling. Osteoblasts form bone, and
osteocytes maintain it.
2. A client with a musculoskeletal disorder has an elevated serum alkaline
phosphatase (ALP) level. The nurse understands this finding is most
NURS 497
, 2
NURS 497
consistent with which condition?
A. Hypocalcemia due to malnutrition
B. A muscle disease such as muscular dystrophy
C. A process involving increased bone formation or turnover
D. An acute inflammatory condition like gout
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme released by osteoblasts
during bone formation. Elevated levels are associated with conditions
involving increased bone activity, such as Paget's disease, bone metastases,
or healing fractures.
3. The nurse is assessing a pressure injury on a client's heel. The wound bed
is covered with tan eschar, preventing visualization of the wound base. How
should the nurse document the stage of this ulcer?
A. Stage 4
B. Stage 3
NURS 497
, 3
NURS 497
C. Suspected Deep Tissue Injury
D. Unstageable
CORRECT ANSWER: D
Rationale: Pressure injuries are classified as unstageable when full-thickness
tissue loss exists, but the base of the ulcer is completely obscured by slough
(yellow/tan) or eschar (tan/brown/black). The true depth cannot be
determined until this material is removed.
4. The parent of a 7-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
asks why the child's calf muscles appear large. What is the nurse's best
explanation?
A. "This is due to excellent muscle tone from physical therapy."
B. "It is a sign of muscle inflammation that occurs with the disease."
C. "The muscle fibers are replaced with fat and connective tissue, causing
pseudohypertrophy."
D. "It indicates fluid retention, a common complication of DMD."
NURS 497
