Fundamentals Exam Questions With Answers
Correct
1. The nurse observes that a male client has removed the covering from an ice
pack applied to his knee. What action should the nurse take first?
A. Observe the appearance of the skin under the ice pack.
B. Instruct the client regarding the need for the covering.
C. Reapply the covering after filling with fresh ice.
D. Ask the client how long the ice was applied to the skin.: A
2. The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride in 250 ml of D5W and plans to administer
the solution at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/min to a client weighing 182 pounds. Using a
drip factor of 60 gtt/ml, how many drops per minute should the client receive?
A. 31 gtt/min.
B. 62 gtt/min.
C. 93 gtt/min.
D. 124 gtt/min.: C. 93 gtt/min
3. The healthcare provider prescribes 1,000 ml of Ringer's Lactate with 30 Units
of Pitocin to run in over 4 hours for a client who has just delivered a 10
pound infant by cesarean section. The tubing has been changed to a 20 gtt/ml
administration set. The nurse plans to set the flow rate at how many gtt/min?
A. 42 gtt/min.
B. 83 gtt/min.
C. 125 gtt/min.
D. 250 gtt/min.: C. 125 gtt/min
4. Which assessment data provides the most accurate determination of proper
placement of a nasogastric tube?: C. Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted
5. Three days following surgery, a male client observes his colostomy for the
first time. He becomes quite upset and tells the nurse that it is much bigger
than he expected. What is the best response by the nurse?
A. Reassure the client that he will become accustomed to the stoma appearance
in time.
,B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become smaller when the initial
swelling diminishes.
C. Offer to contact a member of the local ostomy support group to help him
with his concerns.
, D. Encourage the client to handle the stoma equipment to gain confidence with
the procedure.: B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become smaller when the initial swelling diminishes
6. A female client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction states that she
is nauseated. The nurse assesses that there has been no drainage through the
nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What action should the nurse take first?
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with sterile normal saline.
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric tube an additional five centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous antiemetic prescribed for PRN use.: B. Reposition the
client on her side
7. A hospitalized male client is receiving nasogastric tube feedings via a
small-bore tube and a continuous pump infusion. He reports that he had a bad
bout of severe coughing a few minutes ago, but feels fine now. What action is
best for the nurse to take?
A. Record the coughing incident. No further action is required at this time.
B. Stop the feeding, explain to the family why it is being stopped, and notify the
healthcare provider.
C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn from
the tube.
D. Inject 30 ml of air into the tube while auscultating the epigastrium for
gurgling.: C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn from the tube
8. A male client tells the nurse that he does not know where he is or what year
it is. What data should the nurse document that is most accurate?: D. Is disoriented
to place and time
9. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) selects a scrambled egg for his
breakfast. What action should the nurse take?: A. Commend the client for selecting a high
biologic value protein
10. When assisting an 82-year-old client to ambulate, it is important for the
nurse to realize that the center of gravity for an elderly person is the
A. Arms.
B. Upper torso.
Correct
1. The nurse observes that a male client has removed the covering from an ice
pack applied to his knee. What action should the nurse take first?
A. Observe the appearance of the skin under the ice pack.
B. Instruct the client regarding the need for the covering.
C. Reapply the covering after filling with fresh ice.
D. Ask the client how long the ice was applied to the skin.: A
2. The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride in 250 ml of D5W and plans to administer
the solution at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/min to a client weighing 182 pounds. Using a
drip factor of 60 gtt/ml, how many drops per minute should the client receive?
A. 31 gtt/min.
B. 62 gtt/min.
C. 93 gtt/min.
D. 124 gtt/min.: C. 93 gtt/min
3. The healthcare provider prescribes 1,000 ml of Ringer's Lactate with 30 Units
of Pitocin to run in over 4 hours for a client who has just delivered a 10
pound infant by cesarean section. The tubing has been changed to a 20 gtt/ml
administration set. The nurse plans to set the flow rate at how many gtt/min?
A. 42 gtt/min.
B. 83 gtt/min.
C. 125 gtt/min.
D. 250 gtt/min.: C. 125 gtt/min
4. Which assessment data provides the most accurate determination of proper
placement of a nasogastric tube?: C. Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted
5. Three days following surgery, a male client observes his colostomy for the
first time. He becomes quite upset and tells the nurse that it is much bigger
than he expected. What is the best response by the nurse?
A. Reassure the client that he will become accustomed to the stoma appearance
in time.
,B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become smaller when the initial
swelling diminishes.
C. Offer to contact a member of the local ostomy support group to help him
with his concerns.
, D. Encourage the client to handle the stoma equipment to gain confidence with
the procedure.: B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become smaller when the initial swelling diminishes
6. A female client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction states that she
is nauseated. The nurse assesses that there has been no drainage through the
nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What action should the nurse take first?
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with sterile normal saline.
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric tube an additional five centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous antiemetic prescribed for PRN use.: B. Reposition the
client on her side
7. A hospitalized male client is receiving nasogastric tube feedings via a
small-bore tube and a continuous pump infusion. He reports that he had a bad
bout of severe coughing a few minutes ago, but feels fine now. What action is
best for the nurse to take?
A. Record the coughing incident. No further action is required at this time.
B. Stop the feeding, explain to the family why it is being stopped, and notify the
healthcare provider.
C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn from
the tube.
D. Inject 30 ml of air into the tube while auscultating the epigastrium for
gurgling.: C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn from the tube
8. A male client tells the nurse that he does not know where he is or what year
it is. What data should the nurse document that is most accurate?: D. Is disoriented
to place and time
9. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) selects a scrambled egg for his
breakfast. What action should the nurse take?: A. Commend the client for selecting a high
biologic value protein
10. When assisting an 82-year-old client to ambulate, it is important for the
nurse to realize that the center of gravity for an elderly person is the
A. Arms.
B. Upper torso.
