EVOLVE HESI PHARM COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS | ALREADY
GRADED A
1. What side effect should the practical nurse (PN) report to the healthcare
provider for a client who is taking prednisone (Deltasone)?
A) Dehydration.
B) Hypoglycemia.
C) Thickened skin.
D) Gastric bleeding. - ANSWER D) Gastric bleeding.
Feedback:
Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, decreases the viscosity of gastric mucus, which
normally protects the lining of the stomach from irritants, which increases the
risk of gastric erosion by hydrochloric acid, resulting in gastric bleeding (D).
Other adverse effects include sodium and fluid retention, hyperglycemia, and
skin fragility, not (A, B, and C).
2. What side effect should the practical nurse (PN) report to the healthcare
provider for a client who is taking prednisone (Deltasone)?
A) Dehydration.
Feedback: INCORRECT
B) Hypoglycemia.
Feedback: INCORRECT
C) Thickened skin.
,Feedback: INCORRECT
D) Gastric bleeding.
Feedback: CORRECT - ANSWER D) Gastric bleeding.
Feedback:
Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, decreases the viscosity of gastric mucus, which
normally protects the lining of the stomach from irritants, which increases the
risk of gastric erosion by hydrochloric acid, resulting in gastric bleeding (D).
Other adverse effects include sodium and fluid retention, hyperglycemia, and
skin fragility, not (A, B, and C).
3. A male client who is hypertensive is starting a new prescription for clonidine
(Catapress) 0.4 mg PO daily. In reviewing common side effects, what
information should the practical nurse (PN) provide the client?
A) Report problems with sexual function.
B) Monitor respirations on a daily basis.
C) Increased libido may be experienced.
D) Weight gain may indicate fluid retention. - ANSWER A) Report
problems with sexual function.
Feedback:
Sexual dysfunction (A), such as impotence and decreased libido, is a common
complication of antihypertensive medications in male clients. Respiratory
changes (B), increased libido (C), and increased weight (D) do not commonly
occur with this antihypertensive.
4. A client who is receiving an antibiotic suddenly develops hives. The
practical nurse should report that the client is most likely experiencing which
type of drug response?
A) Adverse response.
B) Hypersensitivity reaction.
C) Idiosyncratic reaction.
D) Multiple drug interaction. - ANSWER B) Hypersensitivity reaction.
,Feedback:
Hives, a symptom of a hypersensitivity reaction (B), involve an abnormal
immune response and are not uncommon with the use of antibiotics. Although
(A, C, and D) are unexpected pharmacologic reactions, hives represent a life-
threatening allergic response and should be reported to ensure prompt
intervention.
5. The healthcare provider prescribes cycloplegic and mydriatic ophthalmic
drops for a client who is having a cataract removal. What explanation about
the drug actions should the practical nurse (PN) provide the client?
A) Reduces intraocular pressure.
B) Relieves eye pain.
C) Treats conjunctivitis.
D) Dilates the pupil. - ANSWER D) Dilates the pupil.
Feedback:
Cycloplegic drugs cause ciliary paralysis, and mydriatics dilate the pupil (D),
which facilitates access into the anterior chamber for removal of the lens in
cataract surgery. (A, B, and C) are incorrect actions.
6. The practical nurse (PN) is assessing a client who takes olanzapine
(Zyprexa), an antipsychotic. Which side effect should the PN most likely
note in this client?
A) Insomnia and irritability.
B) Hand tremors and tearing.
C) Nausea and frontal headache.
D) Weight gain and constipation. - ANSWER D) Weight gain and
constipation.
Feedback:
Olanzapine (Zyprexa), an atypical antipsychotic, causes orthostatic
hypotension, weight gain, and anticholinergic effects, such as constipation (D).
Common anticholinergic side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, nasal
stuffiness, weight gain, difficulty urinating, decreased sweating, increased
, sensitivity to sunlight, and constipation (D). (A, B, and C) are not expected side
effects of this medication.
7. The practical nurse (PN) discusses antihypertensive drug therapy with
several clients diagnosed with high blood pressure. To improve client
understanding, the PN should emphasize that which medication preserves
renal function in a client with diabetes?
A) Verapamil (Calan).
B) Captopril (Capoten).
C) Clonidine (Catapres).
D) Nifedipine (Procardia). - ANSWER B) Captopril (Capoten).
Feedback:
Hypertension contributes to diabetic nephropathy, and angiotensin converting
enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, such as captopril (B), slow progression of renal
damage for clients with diabetes by reducing blood pressure, contributing to
blood sugar control by increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin, and moving
glucose from the bloodstream into cells. Verapamil (A), nifedipine (D), and
clonidine (C) are used the treatment of hypertension, but do not provide the
same effects on blood glucose as captopril does for clients with diabetes.
8. A client with schizophrenia has been taking clozapine (Clozaril) for several
months. The practical nurse (PN) monitors the client for extrapyramidal
symptoms (EPS). Which reason supports the PN's assessment?
A) Prolonged use of antidepressant medications reduce skeletal muscle
tone.
B) The excess amount of norepinephrine causes an increase in blood
pressure.
C) The increased availability of serotonin affects mood and behavior.
D) Atypical antipsychotics can deplete the brain's supply of dopamine. -
ANSWER D) Atypical antipsychotics can deplete the brain's supply
of dopamine.
Feedback:
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS | ALREADY
GRADED A
1. What side effect should the practical nurse (PN) report to the healthcare
provider for a client who is taking prednisone (Deltasone)?
A) Dehydration.
B) Hypoglycemia.
C) Thickened skin.
D) Gastric bleeding. - ANSWER D) Gastric bleeding.
Feedback:
Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, decreases the viscosity of gastric mucus, which
normally protects the lining of the stomach from irritants, which increases the
risk of gastric erosion by hydrochloric acid, resulting in gastric bleeding (D).
Other adverse effects include sodium and fluid retention, hyperglycemia, and
skin fragility, not (A, B, and C).
2. What side effect should the practical nurse (PN) report to the healthcare
provider for a client who is taking prednisone (Deltasone)?
A) Dehydration.
Feedback: INCORRECT
B) Hypoglycemia.
Feedback: INCORRECT
C) Thickened skin.
,Feedback: INCORRECT
D) Gastric bleeding.
Feedback: CORRECT - ANSWER D) Gastric bleeding.
Feedback:
Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, decreases the viscosity of gastric mucus, which
normally protects the lining of the stomach from irritants, which increases the
risk of gastric erosion by hydrochloric acid, resulting in gastric bleeding (D).
Other adverse effects include sodium and fluid retention, hyperglycemia, and
skin fragility, not (A, B, and C).
3. A male client who is hypertensive is starting a new prescription for clonidine
(Catapress) 0.4 mg PO daily. In reviewing common side effects, what
information should the practical nurse (PN) provide the client?
A) Report problems with sexual function.
B) Monitor respirations on a daily basis.
C) Increased libido may be experienced.
D) Weight gain may indicate fluid retention. - ANSWER A) Report
problems with sexual function.
Feedback:
Sexual dysfunction (A), such as impotence and decreased libido, is a common
complication of antihypertensive medications in male clients. Respiratory
changes (B), increased libido (C), and increased weight (D) do not commonly
occur with this antihypertensive.
4. A client who is receiving an antibiotic suddenly develops hives. The
practical nurse should report that the client is most likely experiencing which
type of drug response?
A) Adverse response.
B) Hypersensitivity reaction.
C) Idiosyncratic reaction.
D) Multiple drug interaction. - ANSWER B) Hypersensitivity reaction.
,Feedback:
Hives, a symptom of a hypersensitivity reaction (B), involve an abnormal
immune response and are not uncommon with the use of antibiotics. Although
(A, C, and D) are unexpected pharmacologic reactions, hives represent a life-
threatening allergic response and should be reported to ensure prompt
intervention.
5. The healthcare provider prescribes cycloplegic and mydriatic ophthalmic
drops for a client who is having a cataract removal. What explanation about
the drug actions should the practical nurse (PN) provide the client?
A) Reduces intraocular pressure.
B) Relieves eye pain.
C) Treats conjunctivitis.
D) Dilates the pupil. - ANSWER D) Dilates the pupil.
Feedback:
Cycloplegic drugs cause ciliary paralysis, and mydriatics dilate the pupil (D),
which facilitates access into the anterior chamber for removal of the lens in
cataract surgery. (A, B, and C) are incorrect actions.
6. The practical nurse (PN) is assessing a client who takes olanzapine
(Zyprexa), an antipsychotic. Which side effect should the PN most likely
note in this client?
A) Insomnia and irritability.
B) Hand tremors and tearing.
C) Nausea and frontal headache.
D) Weight gain and constipation. - ANSWER D) Weight gain and
constipation.
Feedback:
Olanzapine (Zyprexa), an atypical antipsychotic, causes orthostatic
hypotension, weight gain, and anticholinergic effects, such as constipation (D).
Common anticholinergic side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, nasal
stuffiness, weight gain, difficulty urinating, decreased sweating, increased
, sensitivity to sunlight, and constipation (D). (A, B, and C) are not expected side
effects of this medication.
7. The practical nurse (PN) discusses antihypertensive drug therapy with
several clients diagnosed with high blood pressure. To improve client
understanding, the PN should emphasize that which medication preserves
renal function in a client with diabetes?
A) Verapamil (Calan).
B) Captopril (Capoten).
C) Clonidine (Catapres).
D) Nifedipine (Procardia). - ANSWER B) Captopril (Capoten).
Feedback:
Hypertension contributes to diabetic nephropathy, and angiotensin converting
enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, such as captopril (B), slow progression of renal
damage for clients with diabetes by reducing blood pressure, contributing to
blood sugar control by increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin, and moving
glucose from the bloodstream into cells. Verapamil (A), nifedipine (D), and
clonidine (C) are used the treatment of hypertension, but do not provide the
same effects on blood glucose as captopril does for clients with diabetes.
8. A client with schizophrenia has been taking clozapine (Clozaril) for several
months. The practical nurse (PN) monitors the client for extrapyramidal
symptoms (EPS). Which reason supports the PN's assessment?
A) Prolonged use of antidepressant medications reduce skeletal muscle
tone.
B) The excess amount of norepinephrine causes an increase in blood
pressure.
C) The increased availability of serotonin affects mood and behavior.
D) Atypical antipsychotics can deplete the brain's supply of dopamine. -
ANSWER D) Atypical antipsychotics can deplete the brain's supply
of dopamine.
Feedback:
