N1130 Final (QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS) 2025/2026
Primary Groups - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Groups formed early in life by informal structure and
close personal relationships (Ex. Family).
- automatic (family) or voluntarily chosen (long-term friendship)
- No determined end dates
- An important influence on self-identity and development of socialization skills
group - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔human communication system composed of three or more
individuals, interacting for the achievement of some common goal(s) who influence and are
influenced by each other
- Each group is unique and influenced by members, goals, activities, knowledge, skills, and
interrelatedness of the members
Secondary Groups - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Groups that represent less personalized, time-
limited relationships with an established beginning and end; typically have a prescribed
structure, designated leader, and specific goals. (Ex. Nurse-client Relationships).
Group Dynamics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Description of the communication processes and
behaviours occurring during the life of the group.
- influenced by individual and interpersonal dynamics
individual dynamics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔member variables in groups → culture,
competencies, abilities, personalities
- primary forces operating in groups
,interpersonal dynamics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔(group communication variables) →
communication, complexity of task, willingness to take on tasks, context, support
Group Norms - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔The unwritten behavioural rules of conduct expected of
group members.
- provide needed predictability for effective group functioning and make the group safe
Universal norms - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔explicit behavioral standards, which must be present
in all groups to achieve effective outcomes (ex. confidentiality, regular attendance, respect, full
participation)
Group-specific norms - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔constructed by group members; represent the
shared beliefs, values and unspoken operational rules governing group functions; help define
member interactions
Ex. tolerance for lateness, use of humor, or confrontation
Factors that effect → the composition of members,
Functional Group Roles - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Roles that group members assumed that
influence their communication and responses of others (Ex. The "Helper" usually gives out
advice)
- corresponds with the status, power
- need a task function and maintenance function
Role positions - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔internal image that other members in the group hold of
the member; members assume or are ascribed roles; projection is largely unconscious
Self Roles - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Roles that a person unconsciously uses to meet self-needs at
the expense of other members' needs, group values, and goal achievement.
- detract from the group's work and compromise goal achievement by taking time away from
group issues and creating discomfort
,Nonfunctional self-roles - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Aggressor
Blocker
Joker
Avoider
Self-confessor
Recognition
Group Maintenance Functions - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Behaviours that are designed to ensure
personal satisfaction and help maintain harmonious working relationships while keeping group
working effectively . 5 examples:
1. Harmonizing
2. Gatekeeping
3. Encouraging
4. Compromising
5. Setting Standards
Harmonizing - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Attempting to reconcile disagreements
Gatekeeping - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Keeping communication channels open
, Encouraging - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Using words & body language to emphasize acceptance of
others
Compromising - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Admitting mistakes and working towards a "meet in the
middle" solution
Setting Standards - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Reassessing or confirming group norms
Task Functions - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Behaviours members use to move toward goal
achievement. 6 Examples:
1. Initiating
2. Seeking Information/Opinion
3. Giving Information/Opinion
4. Clarifying/Elaborating
5. Summarizing
6. Consensus Taking
Initiating - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Identifying tasks & goals/defining the problem
Seeking Information/Opinion - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Requesting facts and/or opinions from
other members
CORRECT ANSWERS) 2025/2026
Primary Groups - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Groups formed early in life by informal structure and
close personal relationships (Ex. Family).
- automatic (family) or voluntarily chosen (long-term friendship)
- No determined end dates
- An important influence on self-identity and development of socialization skills
group - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔human communication system composed of three or more
individuals, interacting for the achievement of some common goal(s) who influence and are
influenced by each other
- Each group is unique and influenced by members, goals, activities, knowledge, skills, and
interrelatedness of the members
Secondary Groups - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Groups that represent less personalized, time-
limited relationships with an established beginning and end; typically have a prescribed
structure, designated leader, and specific goals. (Ex. Nurse-client Relationships).
Group Dynamics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Description of the communication processes and
behaviours occurring during the life of the group.
- influenced by individual and interpersonal dynamics
individual dynamics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔member variables in groups → culture,
competencies, abilities, personalities
- primary forces operating in groups
,interpersonal dynamics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔(group communication variables) →
communication, complexity of task, willingness to take on tasks, context, support
Group Norms - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔The unwritten behavioural rules of conduct expected of
group members.
- provide needed predictability for effective group functioning and make the group safe
Universal norms - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔explicit behavioral standards, which must be present
in all groups to achieve effective outcomes (ex. confidentiality, regular attendance, respect, full
participation)
Group-specific norms - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔constructed by group members; represent the
shared beliefs, values and unspoken operational rules governing group functions; help define
member interactions
Ex. tolerance for lateness, use of humor, or confrontation
Factors that effect → the composition of members,
Functional Group Roles - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Roles that group members assumed that
influence their communication and responses of others (Ex. The "Helper" usually gives out
advice)
- corresponds with the status, power
- need a task function and maintenance function
Role positions - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔internal image that other members in the group hold of
the member; members assume or are ascribed roles; projection is largely unconscious
Self Roles - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Roles that a person unconsciously uses to meet self-needs at
the expense of other members' needs, group values, and goal achievement.
- detract from the group's work and compromise goal achievement by taking time away from
group issues and creating discomfort
,Nonfunctional self-roles - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Aggressor
Blocker
Joker
Avoider
Self-confessor
Recognition
Group Maintenance Functions - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Behaviours that are designed to ensure
personal satisfaction and help maintain harmonious working relationships while keeping group
working effectively . 5 examples:
1. Harmonizing
2. Gatekeeping
3. Encouraging
4. Compromising
5. Setting Standards
Harmonizing - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Attempting to reconcile disagreements
Gatekeeping - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Keeping communication channels open
, Encouraging - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Using words & body language to emphasize acceptance of
others
Compromising - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Admitting mistakes and working towards a "meet in the
middle" solution
Setting Standards - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Reassessing or confirming group norms
Task Functions - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Behaviours members use to move toward goal
achievement. 6 Examples:
1. Initiating
2. Seeking Information/Opinion
3. Giving Information/Opinion
4. Clarifying/Elaborating
5. Summarizing
6. Consensus Taking
Initiating - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Identifying tasks & goals/defining the problem
Seeking Information/Opinion - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔Requesting facts and/or opinions from
other members
