NSG 121 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified by Experts|
2025/2026 Latest Update
nurse's role in health assessment: 4 goals promote health
prevent illness
treat human responses to health or illness
advocate for individuals, families, communities, and populations
types of assessment Emergency (center on immediate and highest priority problem)
Comprehensive
General Survey
Focused
emergency assessment involves a life-threatening or unstable situation
A—Airway (with cervical spine protection if an injury is suspected)
B—Breathing—rate and depth, use of accessory muscles
C—Circulation—pulse rate and rhythm, skin color
D—Disability—level of consciousness, pupils, movement
E—Exposure
comprehensive assessment broad and complete; includes a complete health history and
physical assessment and all body systems and areas; a patient's perception of health, strengths
to build upon, risk factors for illness, functional abilities, methods of coping, and support
systems
general survey assessment begins immediately upon meeting client and continues
throughout assessment; no measurements are done
-overall appearance, hygiene and dress, skin color, body structure and development, behavior,
facial expressions, posture, ROM, gait, speech, LOC
,focused assesssment based on the patient's health issues; usually involves one or two body
systems and is smaller in scope than the comprehensive assessment, but more in-depth on the
specific issue or issues
example is a patient who presents to the clinic with a cough.
levels of intervention to promote healthy change Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
primary prevention involves strategies aimed at preventing problems and focuses on people
and groups. Examples: Immunizations, health teaching, safety precautions, and nutrition
counseling, family planning services, providing poison-control information, and accident-
prevention education
secondary prevention focus on screening for early detection of disease with prompt
diagnosis and treatment
examples: Vision screening, Pap smears, BP screening, hearing testing, scoliosis screening, and
tuberculin skin testing
tertiary prevention focuses on preventing complications of an existing disease and
promoting health to the highest level
examples: Diet teaching, exercise programs, physical therapy, medication, surgical treatment
what is health assessment? gathering information about the health status of the patient,
analyzing and synthesizing those data, making judgments about nursing interventions based on
the findings, and evaluating patient care outcomes
health assessment includes healthy history and physical assessment
critical thinking in nursing -Purposeful, outcome-directed (result-oriented) thinking
, -Is driven by patient, family, and community needs
-Is based on the nursing process, evidence-based thinking, and the scientific method
-Requires specific knowledge, skills, and experience
-New nurses must question
-Guided by professional standards and ethic codes
-Is constantly reevaluating, self-correcting, and striving to improve
health promotion the behavior of a person who is motivated by a personal desire to
increase well-being and health potential
All life-threatening problems identified during the initial assessment require the initiation of
critical interventions: Provide assistance with circulation (cardiopulmonary resuscitation if
needed).
Open the patient's airway.
Assist the patient's breathing.
Protect the cervical spine if the patient is injured.
Ensure that the disoriented or suicidal patient is safe.
Provide pain management and sedation.
functional assessment focuses on the functional patterns that all humans share: health
perception and health management, activity and exercise, nutrition and metabolism,
elimination, sleep and rest, cognition and perception, self-perception and self-concept, roles
and relationships, coping and stress tolerance, sexuality and reproduction, and values and
beliefs; used to collect subjective data and a head-to-toe approach for the physical assessment
3 common types of nursing assessments emergency
comprehensive
focused
2025/2026 Latest Update
nurse's role in health assessment: 4 goals promote health
prevent illness
treat human responses to health or illness
advocate for individuals, families, communities, and populations
types of assessment Emergency (center on immediate and highest priority problem)
Comprehensive
General Survey
Focused
emergency assessment involves a life-threatening or unstable situation
A—Airway (with cervical spine protection if an injury is suspected)
B—Breathing—rate and depth, use of accessory muscles
C—Circulation—pulse rate and rhythm, skin color
D—Disability—level of consciousness, pupils, movement
E—Exposure
comprehensive assessment broad and complete; includes a complete health history and
physical assessment and all body systems and areas; a patient's perception of health, strengths
to build upon, risk factors for illness, functional abilities, methods of coping, and support
systems
general survey assessment begins immediately upon meeting client and continues
throughout assessment; no measurements are done
-overall appearance, hygiene and dress, skin color, body structure and development, behavior,
facial expressions, posture, ROM, gait, speech, LOC
,focused assesssment based on the patient's health issues; usually involves one or two body
systems and is smaller in scope than the comprehensive assessment, but more in-depth on the
specific issue or issues
example is a patient who presents to the clinic with a cough.
levels of intervention to promote healthy change Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
primary prevention involves strategies aimed at preventing problems and focuses on people
and groups. Examples: Immunizations, health teaching, safety precautions, and nutrition
counseling, family planning services, providing poison-control information, and accident-
prevention education
secondary prevention focus on screening for early detection of disease with prompt
diagnosis and treatment
examples: Vision screening, Pap smears, BP screening, hearing testing, scoliosis screening, and
tuberculin skin testing
tertiary prevention focuses on preventing complications of an existing disease and
promoting health to the highest level
examples: Diet teaching, exercise programs, physical therapy, medication, surgical treatment
what is health assessment? gathering information about the health status of the patient,
analyzing and synthesizing those data, making judgments about nursing interventions based on
the findings, and evaluating patient care outcomes
health assessment includes healthy history and physical assessment
critical thinking in nursing -Purposeful, outcome-directed (result-oriented) thinking
, -Is driven by patient, family, and community needs
-Is based on the nursing process, evidence-based thinking, and the scientific method
-Requires specific knowledge, skills, and experience
-New nurses must question
-Guided by professional standards and ethic codes
-Is constantly reevaluating, self-correcting, and striving to improve
health promotion the behavior of a person who is motivated by a personal desire to
increase well-being and health potential
All life-threatening problems identified during the initial assessment require the initiation of
critical interventions: Provide assistance with circulation (cardiopulmonary resuscitation if
needed).
Open the patient's airway.
Assist the patient's breathing.
Protect the cervical spine if the patient is injured.
Ensure that the disoriented or suicidal patient is safe.
Provide pain management and sedation.
functional assessment focuses on the functional patterns that all humans share: health
perception and health management, activity and exercise, nutrition and metabolism,
elimination, sleep and rest, cognition and perception, self-perception and self-concept, roles
and relationships, coping and stress tolerance, sexuality and reproduction, and values and
beliefs; used to collect subjective data and a head-to-toe approach for the physical assessment
3 common types of nursing assessments emergency
comprehensive
focused
