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Medical Terminology Essentials (50+ Terms) – Prefixes, Suffixes, Roots, Conditions, and Common Errors | 2025/2026

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This high-yield reference guide presents over 50 core medical terminology terms and definitions, ideal for 2025/2026 students in healthcare, medical assisting, nursing, and coding programs. It clearly explains the building blocks of medical language, including prefixes, root words, suffixes, and commonly misused documentation terms, making it perfect for memorization, flashcard study, and exam preparation. Topics include: Word structure elements: Root words: cardi/o (heart), oste/o (bone), arthr/o (joint), col (colon), hem/o (blood) Prefixes: hypo- (below), hyper- (above), dys- (difficult), brady- (slow), tachy- (fast), sub- (under), inter- (between) Suffixes: -itis (inflammation), -megaly (enlargement), -emia (blood condition), -ostomy (creating an opening), -pathy (disease), -plegia (paralysis), -scopy (viewing) Medical conditions and procedures: Malignant vs. benign, pyrexia, antipyretics, sclerosis, paresis, thrombosis Use of terms in diagnosis (e.g., hypothyroidism, osteoarthritis) Common documentation issues: Misused terms like “suppose to” instead of “supposed to” This guide is especially helpful for: Intro-level medical and nursing students Medical assistants, coders, and transcriptionists Health science learners preparing for exams (HESI, TEAS, NCCT, etc.) Tutors and instructors building terminology flashcards or quizzes Keywords: medical terminology, prefixes and suffixes, root words, inflammation terms, blood conditions, paralysis, misused terms, medical word parts, osteo, cardio, pathology suffixes, enlargement terms, documentation accuracy, terminology flashcards

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Medical Terminology
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Medical Terminology









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Medical Terminology
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Medical Terminology

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Uploaded on
January 16, 2026
Number of pages
5
Written in
2025/2026
Type
Exam (elaborations)
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Medical Terminology


combining vowel - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔connects roots to suffixes and roots to

other roots. Used to ensure the ease of pronunciation.


prefix - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a syllable or word that comes before a root word to

change its meaning


root word - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔main part of a word


suffix - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔word ending


a/an - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔not, without, lacking, deficient


-algia - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔pain


dys- - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔painful, difficult

, hypo- - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔under, below


hyper- - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔excessive, over, above, high


my-, myo- - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔muscle


-pnea - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔breathing


cardi/o - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔heart


post - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔after


mal - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔bad, evil


malignant - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cancerous


colp/o - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔vagina


col - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔colon


-scopy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔process of viewing


-ostomy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔create an opening


-otomy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cutting into


-ology - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔study of

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