D446 ADULT HEALTH 2 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

D446ADULTHEALTH2QUESTIONSWITH b b b b b




CORRECT ANSWERS 2025 b b b




PREOPERATIVE NURSING b




*OVERALL GOAL b




*HERBS & ALLERGIES b b




*REQUIREMENTS BEFORE SURGERY - CORRECT ANSWER -OVERALL GOALS: b b b b b b b




-establish a baseline b b




-provide teaching about the procedure and anesthesiab b b b b b




-assess the readiness and understanding of the pt
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review all of diagnostic procedures like labs, XR to check status of pt before surgery (ABGs, BG, BUN,
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creatinine, CXR, ECG, lfts, PTT, INR, Urinalysis)
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*-make sure the pt understands and that the consent sign is signed and WITNESSED (you)
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HERBS AND ALLERGIES: b b




- X ginseng or astralgus (increases BP )
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- X St Johns Wort (prolongs anesthesic effects)
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-X garlic, Vitamin E, Ginko, fish oils (increase bleeding)
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-X Kava, valerian, (excessive sedation)
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-X multivitamins (nausea, bc on an empty stomach)
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-Latexallegies b




-LATEX-
FRUIT syndrome: B.A.C. K bananas, avocado, kiwi, and chest nut has the same type of protein t hat
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latex ppl are allergic to
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REQUIREMENTS PREOP: b

,-INFORMED CONSENT: active, shared decision- b b b b




making process between HCP and the pt and the pt has to willingly sign. There must be adequ ate
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disclosure of the diagnosis, nature and purpose of the proposed treatment, probability of s uccessful
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outcome, availability, benefits , and risk of alternatic
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-Nutrition: consider docs orders of NPO or no food or drinks 24-3 hrs before surgery
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Elimination: make sure they pee before surgery. if having abd surgery make sure they get presc ribed
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orders of an enema, laxative the day or night before surgery. clear any urinary collection bags and
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document output in chart.
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Surgical Site: clean as prescribed with antibacterial soap or mild antiseptic the night before sur gery
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-BREATHING EXERCISE: incentive spirometry, cough, deep breathing, splinting, sitting upright
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-pt teaching: post-op expected pain, tubes, ivs, drips, early ambulation to prevent DVTs
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PREOP NURSING - CORRECT ANSWER -SUBSTANCES THAT AFFECT CLIENT IN SURGERY
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-Antibiotics: potentiate the action of anesthetic agents b b b b b b




-Anticholinergics: can increase confusion, tachycardia, intestinal hypomobility and hypotonicity
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-Insulin: need may be increased r/t stress under surgery
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INTRAOPERATIVE NURSING b




*OVERALL GOAL b




*NURSE PRIORITY - CORRECT ANSWER -*Overall goal
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-maintain sterility (maintain sterile field)
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TIME OUTS: mandatory pause before the first cuts to make sure right patient, right side, right
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procedure, allergies, equipment
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-Documentation

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Pt safety: Padding pressure points (elbows,hips, heels), making sure airway isnt obstructed, co
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mplete access of surgical site, no nerve compression
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-correct positioning can prevent numbness, nerve weakness, and possible permanent paralysis
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POSTOPCARE b




*NURSE PRIORITY, GOALS - CORRECT ANSWER --
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postop care we want to prevent complications to promote healing of the surgical incision
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-RESPIRATORY:assessbreathsoundsfor:stridor,wheezing,larygospasm,bronchospasm, b b b b b b b b




*crackles/rhonchi may indicate atelectsais, pneumonia, or pulm edema b b b b b b b




-prolonged mechanical ventilation may affect postop lung function
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-monitor for bleeding (pulse rate and rhythm)-
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bounding pulse can mean HTN, fluid overlead, or client anxiety
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Sequential compression devices to promote venous return, strengthen muscle tone, prevent p
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ooling in the extremities
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-leg exercises
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-encourage ambulation but check for OT Hypotension before they get out of bed*
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-Low Fowlers position to increase size of thorax for lung expansion (not supine)
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-if pt cant get out of bed, turn them every 2 hrs
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NEURO: reattempt to fully awake pt, reorient pt, prevent body heat loss
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-monitor s/s of hypothermia r/t anesthesia b b b b b




RENAL: assess for bladder distention, if pt doesnt have a catheter pt should void between 6- 8 hrs
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Postop depending on the anesthesia given ensure at least 200 ml
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