NURS 307 Final Exam 2026 Exam | Comprehensive
Practice Questions & Answers | Latest Review
define family studies - correct answer-•analyze the occurrence of a disorder in
first
degree relatives (biologic parents, siblings,
children)
define twin studies - correct answer-•analyze the presence or absence of the
disorder in pairs of twins (identical,
fraternal)
define concordance rate - correct answer-similarity of occurrence
in individuals with similar genetic make-up
define adoption studies - correct answer-•compare the risk of illnesses
developing in children raised in different environments
define neuroplasticity - correct answer-how function can be restored over time
after brain damage occurs or how individual may react over time to
psychotherapy of continuous pharmacotherapy regimen
define plasticity - correct answer-the ability of the brain to change its structure
and function in response to internal and external pressures
,- nerve signals may be rerouted
- nerve tissues may be regenerated
describe structural neuroimaging - correct answer-•Allows for visualization of the
brain
Ex: CT, MRI
what are the common side effects caused by blocking muscarinic receptors? -
correct answer-•Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, and
tachycardia (anticholinergic)
describe dopamine - correct answer-•Excitatory Neurotransmitter
•Involved in cognitive, motor & neuroendocrine functions
•Abnormal dopaminergic activity associated with schizophrenia
•Dopamine is also the neurotransmitter that stimulated the body's natural feel
reward pathways producing pleasure and euphoric sensation under certain
conditions
•(Judgement, reasoning insight)
describe norepinephrine - correct answer-•Widely distributed in the peripheral
nervous system
•Excitatory neurotransmitters play a major role in mood states.
•Decreased NE associated with depression; increased NE associated with mania
describe serotonin - correct answer-•Involved in regulation of emotion, cognition,
sensory perceptions, sleep, and appetite.
,•Involved in control of food intake, hormone secretion, sexual behaviour,
thermoregulation, and cardiovascular regulation.
describe histamine - correct answer-•Recently identified as a neurotransmitter.
•Blocking produces side effects, such as sedation, weight gain, and hypotension.
what are the most prevalent neurotransmitters? - correct answer-amino acids
T/F virtually all neurons in the CNS are activated by excitatory and inhibitory
amino acids - correct answer-true
what was the first MAO-i? - correct answer-iproniazid
what are the four sites of action for meds? - correct answer--Receptors
-Ion channels
-Enzymes
-Carrier proteins
describe benzodiazepines - correct answer-•Benzodiazepines are used as
sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants
•diazepam (Valium); lorazepam (Ativan); triazolam (Halcion)
define potency - correct answer-•Dose required to produce the desired biologic
response
define efficacy - correct answer-•Ability of a drug to produce a desired response
, define toxicity - correct answer-•refers to the point at which concentrations of
the drug in the bloodstream become harmful or poisonous to the body.
define high therapeutic index - correct answer--there is a wide range between
dose at which the drug begins to take effect and dose that would be considered
toxic.
define pharmacokinetics - correct answer-•How a drug moves throughout the
body to get to its target receptors and then is eliminated.
define bioavailability - correct answer-•Amount of drug that reaches systemic
circulation unchanged
•Often used to compare one drug to another—usually the higher the
bioavailability, the better
which metabolic enzyme is most responsible for drug metabolism? - correct
answer-Cytochrome P-450
where is most metabolism carried out? - correct answer-liver
T/F psychiatric drugs must pass through the blood-brain barrier - correct answer-
true
what factors affect distribution of a drug? - correct answer--Amount of blood flow
or perfusion within the tissue how lipophilic ("fat-loving") the drug is; plasma
protein binding; and anatomic barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier, that the
drug must cross
Practice Questions & Answers | Latest Review
define family studies - correct answer-•analyze the occurrence of a disorder in
first
degree relatives (biologic parents, siblings,
children)
define twin studies - correct answer-•analyze the presence or absence of the
disorder in pairs of twins (identical,
fraternal)
define concordance rate - correct answer-similarity of occurrence
in individuals with similar genetic make-up
define adoption studies - correct answer-•compare the risk of illnesses
developing in children raised in different environments
define neuroplasticity - correct answer-how function can be restored over time
after brain damage occurs or how individual may react over time to
psychotherapy of continuous pharmacotherapy regimen
define plasticity - correct answer-the ability of the brain to change its structure
and function in response to internal and external pressures
,- nerve signals may be rerouted
- nerve tissues may be regenerated
describe structural neuroimaging - correct answer-•Allows for visualization of the
brain
Ex: CT, MRI
what are the common side effects caused by blocking muscarinic receptors? -
correct answer-•Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, and
tachycardia (anticholinergic)
describe dopamine - correct answer-•Excitatory Neurotransmitter
•Involved in cognitive, motor & neuroendocrine functions
•Abnormal dopaminergic activity associated with schizophrenia
•Dopamine is also the neurotransmitter that stimulated the body's natural feel
reward pathways producing pleasure and euphoric sensation under certain
conditions
•(Judgement, reasoning insight)
describe norepinephrine - correct answer-•Widely distributed in the peripheral
nervous system
•Excitatory neurotransmitters play a major role in mood states.
•Decreased NE associated with depression; increased NE associated with mania
describe serotonin - correct answer-•Involved in regulation of emotion, cognition,
sensory perceptions, sleep, and appetite.
,•Involved in control of food intake, hormone secretion, sexual behaviour,
thermoregulation, and cardiovascular regulation.
describe histamine - correct answer-•Recently identified as a neurotransmitter.
•Blocking produces side effects, such as sedation, weight gain, and hypotension.
what are the most prevalent neurotransmitters? - correct answer-amino acids
T/F virtually all neurons in the CNS are activated by excitatory and inhibitory
amino acids - correct answer-true
what was the first MAO-i? - correct answer-iproniazid
what are the four sites of action for meds? - correct answer--Receptors
-Ion channels
-Enzymes
-Carrier proteins
describe benzodiazepines - correct answer-•Benzodiazepines are used as
sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants
•diazepam (Valium); lorazepam (Ativan); triazolam (Halcion)
define potency - correct answer-•Dose required to produce the desired biologic
response
define efficacy - correct answer-•Ability of a drug to produce a desired response
, define toxicity - correct answer-•refers to the point at which concentrations of
the drug in the bloodstream become harmful or poisonous to the body.
define high therapeutic index - correct answer--there is a wide range between
dose at which the drug begins to take effect and dose that would be considered
toxic.
define pharmacokinetics - correct answer-•How a drug moves throughout the
body to get to its target receptors and then is eliminated.
define bioavailability - correct answer-•Amount of drug that reaches systemic
circulation unchanged
•Often used to compare one drug to another—usually the higher the
bioavailability, the better
which metabolic enzyme is most responsible for drug metabolism? - correct
answer-Cytochrome P-450
where is most metabolism carried out? - correct answer-liver
T/F psychiatric drugs must pass through the blood-brain barrier - correct answer-
true
what factors affect distribution of a drug? - correct answer--Amount of blood flow
or perfusion within the tissue how lipophilic ("fat-loving") the drug is; plasma
protein binding; and anatomic barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier, that the
drug must cross
