BIOS 256 Upper Digestive System
Questions & Answers with Rationales
Subject: Anatomy & Physiology (Digestive System)
Source: Digestive System Quiz/Study Material
Format: Q&A with Multiple-Choice, Matching, and Drag-and-Drop
1. Where does digestion begin?
A. Mouth
B. Rectum
C. Stomach
D. Esophagus
E. Small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Digestion begins in the mouth through both mechanical (chewing)
and chemical (salivary amylase) processes.
, 2. The mouth is the site of ingestion and initial breakdown of
carbohydrates.
3. Other organs listed are involved in later stages of digestion or
absorption.
2. What is not a function of the digestive system?
A. Ingestion of nutrients
B. Absorption of nutrients
C. Long-term storage of nutrients
D. Movement of nutrients
E. Breakdown of nutrients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
1. The digestive system is responsible for ingestion, propulsion,
mechanical and chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation.
2. Long-term storage of nutrients (e.g., glycogen in liver, fat in adipose
tissue) is a function of other systems, not the digestive tract itself.
3. Nutrients are absorbed and then stored metabolically, not within the
digestive organs for long periods.
, 3. Which membrane is responsible for the covering of organs and
linings of internal body cavities?
A. Basement membranes
B. Mucous membranes
C. Serous membranes
D. Cutaneous membranes
E. Synovial membranes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
1. Serous membranes line closed body cavities (e.g., pleural, pericardial,
peritoneal) and cover the organs within them.
2. They secrete serous fluid to reduce friction.
3. Mucous membranes line tracts open to the exterior; cutaneous is the
skin; synovial line joint cavities; basement membranes anchor
epithelial tissue.
4. Identify whether each of the digestive organs make up the
alimentary canal or whether they are accessory structures.
Alimentary Structures:
Stomach
Esophagus
, Rectum
Accessory Structures:
Liver
Pancreas
Salivary glands
Rationale:
1. The alimentary canal is the continuous muscular tube from mouth to
anus through which food passes.
2. Accessory organs aid digestion but food does not pass through them.
5. Match each digestive process to its correct description.
Introduction of food into the body → Ingestion
Movement of nutrients into the bloodstream → Absorption
Movement of food within the GI tract → Propulsion
Introduction of digestive enzymes into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract
→ Secretion
6. Based on the description, select the correct layer of the
gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
The layer of the GI tract containing two bands of smooth
muscle: Muscularis externa
Questions & Answers with Rationales
Subject: Anatomy & Physiology (Digestive System)
Source: Digestive System Quiz/Study Material
Format: Q&A with Multiple-Choice, Matching, and Drag-and-Drop
1. Where does digestion begin?
A. Mouth
B. Rectum
C. Stomach
D. Esophagus
E. Small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Digestion begins in the mouth through both mechanical (chewing)
and chemical (salivary amylase) processes.
, 2. The mouth is the site of ingestion and initial breakdown of
carbohydrates.
3. Other organs listed are involved in later stages of digestion or
absorption.
2. What is not a function of the digestive system?
A. Ingestion of nutrients
B. Absorption of nutrients
C. Long-term storage of nutrients
D. Movement of nutrients
E. Breakdown of nutrients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
1. The digestive system is responsible for ingestion, propulsion,
mechanical and chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation.
2. Long-term storage of nutrients (e.g., glycogen in liver, fat in adipose
tissue) is a function of other systems, not the digestive tract itself.
3. Nutrients are absorbed and then stored metabolically, not within the
digestive organs for long periods.
, 3. Which membrane is responsible for the covering of organs and
linings of internal body cavities?
A. Basement membranes
B. Mucous membranes
C. Serous membranes
D. Cutaneous membranes
E. Synovial membranes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
1. Serous membranes line closed body cavities (e.g., pleural, pericardial,
peritoneal) and cover the organs within them.
2. They secrete serous fluid to reduce friction.
3. Mucous membranes line tracts open to the exterior; cutaneous is the
skin; synovial line joint cavities; basement membranes anchor
epithelial tissue.
4. Identify whether each of the digestive organs make up the
alimentary canal or whether they are accessory structures.
Alimentary Structures:
Stomach
Esophagus
, Rectum
Accessory Structures:
Liver
Pancreas
Salivary glands
Rationale:
1. The alimentary canal is the continuous muscular tube from mouth to
anus through which food passes.
2. Accessory organs aid digestion but food does not pass through them.
5. Match each digestive process to its correct description.
Introduction of food into the body → Ingestion
Movement of nutrients into the bloodstream → Absorption
Movement of food within the GI tract → Propulsion
Introduction of digestive enzymes into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract
→ Secretion
6. Based on the description, select the correct layer of the
gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
The layer of the GI tract containing two bands of smooth
muscle: Muscularis externa
