TEST 3 - ARTICULATIONS, MUSCULAR
SYSTEM, NERVOUS SYSTEM EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
Articulation - ANS - where 2 bones interconnect/ join
-joint
Synarthrosis - ANS No movement
Amphiarthrosis - ANS Little movement
Diarthrosis - ANS Free movement
Fibrous Joint - ANS No synovial cavity
Fibrous CT
Cartilaginous Joint - ANS No synovial cavity
Cartilage
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,Synovial Joint - ANS True joint cavity
Dense Irregular Tissue
Sutures - ANS Fibrous Joint
- Skull
- Dense Fibrous Tissue
- Synostosis
Syndesmoses - ANS Fibrous Joint
- Distal tibiofibular
- Interosseous membrane
Gomphoses - ANS Fibrous Joint
- "peg in socket"
- teeth and alveolar processes
- periodontal ligament
Synchondroses - ANS Cartilaginous Joint
- synarthrotic
- Hyaline cartilage
- epiphyseal plate
- first rib and manubrium
Symphyses - ANS Cartilaginous Joint
- ends of bones ( hyaline cartilage )
- fibrocartilage connects bones
- midline of body
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,- pubic symphysis
- intervertebral joints
Accessory Structures of Synovial Joints - ANS
Articular Cartilages - ANS Synovial Joint
- hyaline cartilage
- matrix contains more water comparatively
- slick and smooth, so reduce friction
- separated by synovial fluid
Synovial Fluid - ANS Synovial Joint
- similar in composition to ground substance in loose connective tissues
- produced at synovial membrane
- total quantity is less than 3 mL
Joint Capsule - ANS Synovial Joint
- dense fibrous CT
- may be reinforced w/ accessory structures (tendons and ligaments)
- continuous w/ periosteum of each bone
Structure of Synovial Joint - ANS
Functions of Synovial Fluid - ANS 1. Lubrication
- w/ articular cartilage compression, synovial fluid is squeezed out and reduces friction between
moving surfaces
2. Nutrient Distribution
- provide nutrients and oxygen, as well as waste disposal for the chondrocytes of articular
cartilages
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, - compression and reexpansion of articular cartilages pump synovial fluid in and out of cartilage
matrix
3. Shock Absorption
- distributes compression forces across articular surfaces and outward to joint capsule
Bursa - ANS Synovial Joint
"pouch"
- small pocket filled with synovial fluid
- often form in areas where tendon or ligament rubs against other tissues
- reduce friction and act as shock absorbers
Tendon Sheaths - ANS Synovial Joint
Fat Pads - ANS Synovial Joint
- adipose tissue covered by synovial membrane
- protect articular cartilages
- act as packing material for joint
Meniscus - ANS Synovial Joint
- "crescent"
- pad of fibrous cartilage between bones of synovial joint
- may subdivide joint cavity and affect fluid flow or allow variations in shapes of articular
surfaces
- KNEE
Accessory Ligaments - ANS Synovial Joint
- support, strengthen, and reinforce joint
Intrinsic ligaments - ANS Synovial accessory ligament
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
SYSTEM, NERVOUS SYSTEM EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
Articulation - ANS - where 2 bones interconnect/ join
-joint
Synarthrosis - ANS No movement
Amphiarthrosis - ANS Little movement
Diarthrosis - ANS Free movement
Fibrous Joint - ANS No synovial cavity
Fibrous CT
Cartilaginous Joint - ANS No synovial cavity
Cartilage
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,Synovial Joint - ANS True joint cavity
Dense Irregular Tissue
Sutures - ANS Fibrous Joint
- Skull
- Dense Fibrous Tissue
- Synostosis
Syndesmoses - ANS Fibrous Joint
- Distal tibiofibular
- Interosseous membrane
Gomphoses - ANS Fibrous Joint
- "peg in socket"
- teeth and alveolar processes
- periodontal ligament
Synchondroses - ANS Cartilaginous Joint
- synarthrotic
- Hyaline cartilage
- epiphyseal plate
- first rib and manubrium
Symphyses - ANS Cartilaginous Joint
- ends of bones ( hyaline cartilage )
- fibrocartilage connects bones
- midline of body
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,- pubic symphysis
- intervertebral joints
Accessory Structures of Synovial Joints - ANS
Articular Cartilages - ANS Synovial Joint
- hyaline cartilage
- matrix contains more water comparatively
- slick and smooth, so reduce friction
- separated by synovial fluid
Synovial Fluid - ANS Synovial Joint
- similar in composition to ground substance in loose connective tissues
- produced at synovial membrane
- total quantity is less than 3 mL
Joint Capsule - ANS Synovial Joint
- dense fibrous CT
- may be reinforced w/ accessory structures (tendons and ligaments)
- continuous w/ periosteum of each bone
Structure of Synovial Joint - ANS
Functions of Synovial Fluid - ANS 1. Lubrication
- w/ articular cartilage compression, synovial fluid is squeezed out and reduces friction between
moving surfaces
2. Nutrient Distribution
- provide nutrients and oxygen, as well as waste disposal for the chondrocytes of articular
cartilages
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, - compression and reexpansion of articular cartilages pump synovial fluid in and out of cartilage
matrix
3. Shock Absorption
- distributes compression forces across articular surfaces and outward to joint capsule
Bursa - ANS Synovial Joint
"pouch"
- small pocket filled with synovial fluid
- often form in areas where tendon or ligament rubs against other tissues
- reduce friction and act as shock absorbers
Tendon Sheaths - ANS Synovial Joint
Fat Pads - ANS Synovial Joint
- adipose tissue covered by synovial membrane
- protect articular cartilages
- act as packing material for joint
Meniscus - ANS Synovial Joint
- "crescent"
- pad of fibrous cartilage between bones of synovial joint
- may subdivide joint cavity and affect fluid flow or allow variations in shapes of articular
surfaces
- KNEE
Accessory Ligaments - ANS Synovial Joint
- support, strengthen, and reinforce joint
Intrinsic ligaments - ANS Synovial accessory ligament
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
