NUR 651 FINAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Clinical judgement in prescribing includes: - Answers -Factoring in the cost to the
patient of the medication prescribed
The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be the: - Answers -lungs
The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drugs: -
Answers -biological half-life
Phenytoin requires that a trough level be drawn. Peak and trough levels are done:
1. When the drug has a wide therapeutic range
2. When the drug will be administered for a short time only
3. When there is a high correlation between the dose and saturation of receptor sites
4. To determine if a drug is in the therapeutic range - Answers -To determine if the drug
is in the therapeutic range
Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may:
1. Induce the metabolism of another drug
2. Inhibit the metabolism of another drug
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2 - Answers -Both 1 & 2: induce OR inhibit metabolism of another drug
The prudent NP would prescribe liquid ibuprofen for a 6-year-old because: - Answers -
The 6-year-old may not be able to swallow pills
In deciding which drug to prescribe of all multiple drugs used to treat a condition, the NP
chooses drug A because: - Answers -It will be taken twice daily at home
Your patient asks the difference in drug effects between men and women. What should
the NP know about the differences between pharmacokinetics of men and women? -
Answers -Percentage of fat differs between genders
Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect: - Answers -Are rapidly metabolized by
the liver and may have little if any desired action
Azithromycin dosing requires the first days dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of
the prescription. This is considered a loading dose. Loading doses: - Answers -Rapidly
achieve drug levels in the theraputic range
,The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a
therapeutic effect is the: - Answers -onset of action
Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property? - Answers -
Describes the extent of effect (response) produced by a given drug concentration (dose)
Shows the relationship between the dosage/concentration and the effect of the drug
concentration
Therapeutic window (range) - Answers -The range of plasma drug concentration with
high probability of therapeutic response
Provides a fixed comparison for drug safety
What is a narrow therapeutic window? - Answers -A drug that has little difference
between therapeutic and toxic doses
Treatment goals in prescribing should be: - Answers -Patient centered
storage reservoirs: - Answers -Fat and tissue that the drug has been distributed to
Passive monitoring: - Answers -patient is educated on expected outcome and
instructed to contact provider (expected side effects)
A potentially life-threatening adverse response to ACE inhibitors is angioedema. Which
statement is true about this adverse response? - Answers -Swelling of the tongue and
hoarseness are the most common sympotms.
ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice in treating hypertension in diabetic patients
because: - Answers -They improve insulin sensitivity
Improve renal hemodynamics
Reduce the production of angiotensin II
Ray has been diagnosed with hypertension and an ACE inhibitor is determined to be
needed. Prior to prescribing this drug, the NP should assess for:
A. Hypokalemia
B. Impotence
C. Decreased renal function
D. Inability to concentrate - Answers -Decreased renal function
Criteria for choosing the most effective medication: - Answers -Consult nationally
recognized guidelines for disease management
Clinical judgement in prescribing: - Answers -Factoring in the cost to the patient of the
medication prescribed
What is the mechanism of action? - Answers -what the drug does to the body
, What is an adverse drug reaction? - Answers -any noxious, unintended, and undesired
effect that occurs at normal drug doses- which causes the patient to stop taking the
drug
Therapeutic drug classification is most useful to who? - Answers -The practitioner
If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class should be
added as a second step because it will enhance the effects of most other agents?
1. ACE inhibitors
2. Beta blockers
3. Calcium channel blockers
4. Diuretics - Answers -Diuretics
Because of its action on various body systems, the patient taking a thiazide or loop
diuretic may also need to receive the following supplement:
1. Potassium
2. Calcium
3. Magnesium
4. Phosphates - Answers -Potassium
What education points concerning fluid intake must be covered with diuretic
prescriptions? - Answers -Fluid intake should remain near normal for optimal
performance
The choice of diuretic to use in treating hypertension is based on: - Answers -Level of
kidney function with a thiazide diuretic being used for an estimated glomerular filtration
rate higher than the mid-40 mL/min range
Because primary hypertension has no identifiable cause, treatment is based on
interfering with the physiological mechanisms that regulate blood pressure. Thiazide
diuretics treat hypertension because they:
1. Increase renin secretion
2. Decrease the production of aldosterone
3. Deplete body sodium and reduce fluid volume
4. Decrease blood viscosity - Answers -Deplete body sodium and reduce fluid volume
All patients with hypertension benefit from diuretics but those who benefit most are: -
Answers -African Americans
ACE-1 treat hypertension because they: - Answers -Reduce sodium and water
retention
Decreases vasoconstriction
Increase vasodilation
Clinical judgement in prescribing includes: - Answers -Factoring in the cost to the
patient of the medication prescribed
The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be the: - Answers -lungs
The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drugs: -
Answers -biological half-life
Phenytoin requires that a trough level be drawn. Peak and trough levels are done:
1. When the drug has a wide therapeutic range
2. When the drug will be administered for a short time only
3. When there is a high correlation between the dose and saturation of receptor sites
4. To determine if a drug is in the therapeutic range - Answers -To determine if the drug
is in the therapeutic range
Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may:
1. Induce the metabolism of another drug
2. Inhibit the metabolism of another drug
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2 - Answers -Both 1 & 2: induce OR inhibit metabolism of another drug
The prudent NP would prescribe liquid ibuprofen for a 6-year-old because: - Answers -
The 6-year-old may not be able to swallow pills
In deciding which drug to prescribe of all multiple drugs used to treat a condition, the NP
chooses drug A because: - Answers -It will be taken twice daily at home
Your patient asks the difference in drug effects between men and women. What should
the NP know about the differences between pharmacokinetics of men and women? -
Answers -Percentage of fat differs between genders
Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect: - Answers -Are rapidly metabolized by
the liver and may have little if any desired action
Azithromycin dosing requires the first days dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of
the prescription. This is considered a loading dose. Loading doses: - Answers -Rapidly
achieve drug levels in the theraputic range
,The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a
therapeutic effect is the: - Answers -onset of action
Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property? - Answers -
Describes the extent of effect (response) produced by a given drug concentration (dose)
Shows the relationship between the dosage/concentration and the effect of the drug
concentration
Therapeutic window (range) - Answers -The range of plasma drug concentration with
high probability of therapeutic response
Provides a fixed comparison for drug safety
What is a narrow therapeutic window? - Answers -A drug that has little difference
between therapeutic and toxic doses
Treatment goals in prescribing should be: - Answers -Patient centered
storage reservoirs: - Answers -Fat and tissue that the drug has been distributed to
Passive monitoring: - Answers -patient is educated on expected outcome and
instructed to contact provider (expected side effects)
A potentially life-threatening adverse response to ACE inhibitors is angioedema. Which
statement is true about this adverse response? - Answers -Swelling of the tongue and
hoarseness are the most common sympotms.
ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice in treating hypertension in diabetic patients
because: - Answers -They improve insulin sensitivity
Improve renal hemodynamics
Reduce the production of angiotensin II
Ray has been diagnosed with hypertension and an ACE inhibitor is determined to be
needed. Prior to prescribing this drug, the NP should assess for:
A. Hypokalemia
B. Impotence
C. Decreased renal function
D. Inability to concentrate - Answers -Decreased renal function
Criteria for choosing the most effective medication: - Answers -Consult nationally
recognized guidelines for disease management
Clinical judgement in prescribing: - Answers -Factoring in the cost to the patient of the
medication prescribed
What is the mechanism of action? - Answers -what the drug does to the body
, What is an adverse drug reaction? - Answers -any noxious, unintended, and undesired
effect that occurs at normal drug doses- which causes the patient to stop taking the
drug
Therapeutic drug classification is most useful to who? - Answers -The practitioner
If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class should be
added as a second step because it will enhance the effects of most other agents?
1. ACE inhibitors
2. Beta blockers
3. Calcium channel blockers
4. Diuretics - Answers -Diuretics
Because of its action on various body systems, the patient taking a thiazide or loop
diuretic may also need to receive the following supplement:
1. Potassium
2. Calcium
3. Magnesium
4. Phosphates - Answers -Potassium
What education points concerning fluid intake must be covered with diuretic
prescriptions? - Answers -Fluid intake should remain near normal for optimal
performance
The choice of diuretic to use in treating hypertension is based on: - Answers -Level of
kidney function with a thiazide diuretic being used for an estimated glomerular filtration
rate higher than the mid-40 mL/min range
Because primary hypertension has no identifiable cause, treatment is based on
interfering with the physiological mechanisms that regulate blood pressure. Thiazide
diuretics treat hypertension because they:
1. Increase renin secretion
2. Decrease the production of aldosterone
3. Deplete body sodium and reduce fluid volume
4. Decrease blood viscosity - Answers -Deplete body sodium and reduce fluid volume
All patients with hypertension benefit from diuretics but those who benefit most are: -
Answers -African Americans
ACE-1 treat hypertension because they: - Answers -Reduce sodium and water
retention
Decreases vasoconstriction
Increase vasodilation
