Histology NBME Practice Quiz |\ |\ |\ |\
WITH ANSWERS |\
A 42-year-old man comes to the physician because of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
multiple lesions over his body. Physical examination
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
shows flaccid bullous erosions involving the upper and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lower extremities. A biopsy specimen of one of the lesions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
shows extensive epidermal acantholysis resulting in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
formation of an intraepidermal blister. An intact basal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
layer of keratinocytes adherent to the basement
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
membrane is identified. Which of the following is most |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
likely related to the pathogenesis of this disorder?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Select one: |\
a. Immediate (type I) hypersensitivity reaction to a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
topically applied agent |\ |\
b. Infection with a herpesvirus
|\ |\ |\ |\
c. Development of autoantibodies against desmosomal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
proteins
d. Deposition of lgA-containing immune complexes within
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dermal papilla |\
e. Mutation of an anchoring filament protein
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. Development of autoantibodies against desmosomal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
proteins
,A 75 year old man presents to the orthopedic clinic with
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the complaint of bone pain. His laboratory report shows
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
elevated level of serum alkaline phosphatase. A histologic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
examination shows haphazardly oriented, prominent
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cement lines, that create a mosaic pattern of lamellar
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bone. Which of the following cell types is most likely
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
involved in the initial lesion of his condition?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Select one: |\
a. Osteoclasts
|\
b. Osteoblasts
|\
c. Fibroblast
|\
d. Endothelial cells
|\ |\
e. Chondrocytes
|\
a. Osteoclasts
|\
A 50-year-old woman is brought to the emergency
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
department because of a 2-hour history of shortness of |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
breath and chest pain that radiates to her back between
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the shoulder blades. Her respirations are 28/min. Physical
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
examination shows diaphoresis. An ECG shows no |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
abnormalities. Coronary angiography shows occlusion of |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the marginal branch of the left anterior descending
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,coronary artery. A percutaneous coronary
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
revascularization is done. Due to revascularization free |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
radicals mediate cardiac muscles injury expected because
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
her serum concentrations of myocardial creatine kinase
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
(CK-MB) and troponin I are increased. Which of the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
following mechanisms best explains these laboratory
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
findings?
Select one: |\
a. Membrane lipid peroxidation
|\ |\ |\
b. Liquefactive necrosis of the myocardium
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. Cell shrinkage
|\ |\
d. Protease inactivation by cytoplasmic free calcium ions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
e. Formation of apoptotic bodies
|\ |\ |\ |\
a. Membrane lipid peroxidation
|\ |\ |\
Which of the following cells in the inner ear are involved
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in detecting movements of the head?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Select one: |\
a. Outer pillar cells
|\ |\ |\
b. Cells of Hensen
|\ |\ |\
c. Inner pillar cells
|\ |\ |\
d. Hair cells in the organ of Corti
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, e. Hair cells in the maculae
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
e. Hair cells in the maculae
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
An 11-year-old boy has repeated episodes of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
staphylococcal pneumonia. When incubated in vitro with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Staphylococcus aureus, his peripheral blood neutrophils |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
fail to demonstrate a respiratory burst and do not kill the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
microorganisms, even though electron microscopy of the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
neutrophils shows bacterial cells within phagosomes. This
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
failure to kill phagocytosed organisms is due to a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
deficiency of which of the following? |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Select one: |\
a. Lactoferrin
|\
b. NADPH oxidase
|\ |\
c. Superoxide dismutase
|\ |\
d. Lysozyme
|\
e. Lysosomal proteases
|\ |\
b. NADPH oxidase
|\ |\
A 76-year-old man with congestive heart failure comes to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the physician because of a 1-month history of shortness
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
WITH ANSWERS |\
A 42-year-old man comes to the physician because of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
multiple lesions over his body. Physical examination
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
shows flaccid bullous erosions involving the upper and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
lower extremities. A biopsy specimen of one of the lesions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
shows extensive epidermal acantholysis resulting in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
formation of an intraepidermal blister. An intact basal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
layer of keratinocytes adherent to the basement
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
membrane is identified. Which of the following is most |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
likely related to the pathogenesis of this disorder?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Select one: |\
a. Immediate (type I) hypersensitivity reaction to a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
topically applied agent |\ |\
b. Infection with a herpesvirus
|\ |\ |\ |\
c. Development of autoantibodies against desmosomal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
proteins
d. Deposition of lgA-containing immune complexes within
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
dermal papilla |\
e. Mutation of an anchoring filament protein
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. Development of autoantibodies against desmosomal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
proteins
,A 75 year old man presents to the orthopedic clinic with
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the complaint of bone pain. His laboratory report shows
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
elevated level of serum alkaline phosphatase. A histologic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
examination shows haphazardly oriented, prominent
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
cement lines, that create a mosaic pattern of lamellar
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bone. Which of the following cell types is most likely
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
involved in the initial lesion of his condition?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Select one: |\
a. Osteoclasts
|\
b. Osteoblasts
|\
c. Fibroblast
|\
d. Endothelial cells
|\ |\
e. Chondrocytes
|\
a. Osteoclasts
|\
A 50-year-old woman is brought to the emergency
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
department because of a 2-hour history of shortness of |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
breath and chest pain that radiates to her back between
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the shoulder blades. Her respirations are 28/min. Physical
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
examination shows diaphoresis. An ECG shows no |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
abnormalities. Coronary angiography shows occlusion of |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the marginal branch of the left anterior descending
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,coronary artery. A percutaneous coronary
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
revascularization is done. Due to revascularization free |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
radicals mediate cardiac muscles injury expected because
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
her serum concentrations of myocardial creatine kinase
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
(CK-MB) and troponin I are increased. Which of the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
following mechanisms best explains these laboratory
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
findings?
Select one: |\
a. Membrane lipid peroxidation
|\ |\ |\
b. Liquefactive necrosis of the myocardium
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. Cell shrinkage
|\ |\
d. Protease inactivation by cytoplasmic free calcium ions
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
e. Formation of apoptotic bodies
|\ |\ |\ |\
a. Membrane lipid peroxidation
|\ |\ |\
Which of the following cells in the inner ear are involved
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in detecting movements of the head?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Select one: |\
a. Outer pillar cells
|\ |\ |\
b. Cells of Hensen
|\ |\ |\
c. Inner pillar cells
|\ |\ |\
d. Hair cells in the organ of Corti
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, e. Hair cells in the maculae
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
e. Hair cells in the maculae
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
An 11-year-old boy has repeated episodes of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
staphylococcal pneumonia. When incubated in vitro with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Staphylococcus aureus, his peripheral blood neutrophils |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
fail to demonstrate a respiratory burst and do not kill the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
microorganisms, even though electron microscopy of the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
neutrophils shows bacterial cells within phagosomes. This
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
failure to kill phagocytosed organisms is due to a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
deficiency of which of the following? |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Select one: |\
a. Lactoferrin
|\
b. NADPH oxidase
|\ |\
c. Superoxide dismutase
|\ |\
d. Lysozyme
|\
e. Lysosomal proteases
|\ |\
b. NADPH oxidase
|\ |\
A 76-year-old man with congestive heart failure comes to
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the physician because of a 1-month history of shortness
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
