FTCE ESE k-12 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update
English
IDEA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Individuals with Disabilities Act. Requires states to
provide free, appropriate public education for all students with disabilities
who participate in special education. The four main challenge areas:
learning, social/emotional, motor skills, and communication. The basic
source of law for special education. Represents the latest phase in the
philosophy of educating children with disabilities
,*Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Topeka, Kansas.
Addressed the inequality of "separate but equal" facilities on the basis of
race. School segregation became illegal.
*Diana v. The State Board of Education, 1970 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔This case
resulted in the decision that all children must be tested in their native
language
Wyatt v. Stickney, 1971 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Established the right to adequate
treatment (education) for institutionalized persons with mental retardation
*Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, 1972 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The first right to education lawsuit.
Laid the foundation for the right to education for all children with disabilities
previously denied if they had not attained a mental age of 5 by the start of
first grade. Special Education was guaranteed to children with mental
retardation. The victory in this case sparked other court cases for children
with other disabilities.
*Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia, 1972 - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔The right to special education was extended to all children with
disabilities, not just mentally retarded children. Judgements in PARC and
,Mills paved the way for P.L. 94-142. Students with disabilities must be
given education regardless of the schools' financial limitations.
Public Law 93-112 (Rehabilitation Amendments of 1973) - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔The first comprehensive federal statute to address specifically the rights
of disabled youth. It prohibited illegal discrimination in education,
employment, or housing on the basis of a disability.
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Section 504
expands on older law by extending its protection to other areas that receive
federal assistance, such as education. Protected individuals must (a) have
a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major
life activities, such as self-care, walking, seeing, breathing, working, or
learning; (b) have a record of such an impairment; or (c) be regarded as
having such an impairment. A disability in itself is not sufficient grounds for
a complaint of discrimination. The person must be otherwise qualified, or
able to meet, the requirements of the program in question.
Public Law 93-380 (Education Amendments of 1974) - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔P.L.94-142 is the funding portion of this act. It required states to provide
full educational opportunities for children with disabilities. It addressed
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, identification, fair evaluation, alternative placements, due process
procedures, and free, appropriate public education.
Public Law 94-142 Education for all Handicapped Children Act), 1975 - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Provided for a free, appropriate public education for all
children with disabilities, defined special education and related services,
and imposed rigid guidelines on the provisions of those services. It
paralleled the provision for a free and appropriate public education in
section 504 of Public Law 94-142 and extended these services to
preschool children with disabilities (ages 3-5) through provisions to
preschool incentive grants.
Seven fundamental provisions of IDEA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Free
Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
2. Notification and procedural rights for parents.
3. Identification and services to all children
4. Necessary related services.
5. Individualized assessments
6. Individualized Education Plans (IEP's)
7. Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update
English
IDEA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Individuals with Disabilities Act. Requires states to
provide free, appropriate public education for all students with disabilities
who participate in special education. The four main challenge areas:
learning, social/emotional, motor skills, and communication. The basic
source of law for special education. Represents the latest phase in the
philosophy of educating children with disabilities
,*Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Topeka, Kansas.
Addressed the inequality of "separate but equal" facilities on the basis of
race. School segregation became illegal.
*Diana v. The State Board of Education, 1970 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔This case
resulted in the decision that all children must be tested in their native
language
Wyatt v. Stickney, 1971 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Established the right to adequate
treatment (education) for institutionalized persons with mental retardation
*Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, 1972 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The first right to education lawsuit.
Laid the foundation for the right to education for all children with disabilities
previously denied if they had not attained a mental age of 5 by the start of
first grade. Special Education was guaranteed to children with mental
retardation. The victory in this case sparked other court cases for children
with other disabilities.
*Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia, 1972 - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔The right to special education was extended to all children with
disabilities, not just mentally retarded children. Judgements in PARC and
,Mills paved the way for P.L. 94-142. Students with disabilities must be
given education regardless of the schools' financial limitations.
Public Law 93-112 (Rehabilitation Amendments of 1973) - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔The first comprehensive federal statute to address specifically the rights
of disabled youth. It prohibited illegal discrimination in education,
employment, or housing on the basis of a disability.
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Section 504
expands on older law by extending its protection to other areas that receive
federal assistance, such as education. Protected individuals must (a) have
a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major
life activities, such as self-care, walking, seeing, breathing, working, or
learning; (b) have a record of such an impairment; or (c) be regarded as
having such an impairment. A disability in itself is not sufficient grounds for
a complaint of discrimination. The person must be otherwise qualified, or
able to meet, the requirements of the program in question.
Public Law 93-380 (Education Amendments of 1974) - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔P.L.94-142 is the funding portion of this act. It required states to provide
full educational opportunities for children with disabilities. It addressed
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, identification, fair evaluation, alternative placements, due process
procedures, and free, appropriate public education.
Public Law 94-142 Education for all Handicapped Children Act), 1975 - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Provided for a free, appropriate public education for all
children with disabilities, defined special education and related services,
and imposed rigid guidelines on the provisions of those services. It
paralleled the provision for a free and appropriate public education in
section 504 of Public Law 94-142 and extended these services to
preschool children with disabilities (ages 3-5) through provisions to
preschool incentive grants.
Seven fundamental provisions of IDEA - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Free
Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
2. Notification and procedural rights for parents.
3. Identification and services to all children
4. Necessary related services.
5. Individualized assessments
6. Individualized Education Plans (IEP's)
7. Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
