NR566 / NR 566 Final Exam (Latest
2026/2027) Advanced Pharmacology for Care
of the Family – Chamberlain University
Verified Questions & Answers with Detailed
Rationales | A+ Graded
Q1 A 32-year-old female presents with symptoms of urinary tract infection. Which antibiotic is
considered first-line for uncomplicated cystitis in a non-pregnant woman with no recent
antibiotic exposure?
Answer: Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID × 5 days
Rationale: According to current IDSA guidelines (updated through 2026), nitrofurantoin
remains first-line for uncomplicated cystitis in women due to low resistance rates, excellent
urinary concentrations, and minimal impact on gut flora.
Q2 A 28-year-old pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestation is diagnosed with asymptomatic
bacteriuria. What is the preferred treatment?
Answer: Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID × 7 days
Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is safe in pregnancy (except near term due to risk of hemolytic anemia
in the newborn) and is recommended as first-line for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy.
Q3 A 45-year-old male with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (eGFR 42 mL/min) has
recurrent uncomplicated UTIs. Which agent should be avoided?
Answer: Nitrofurantoin
Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated when eGFR <60 mL/min due to risk of pulmonary
toxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and lack of efficacy in low urine concentrations.
, Q4 A 19-year-old female college student presents with acute uncomplicated cystitis. She has a
history of anaphylaxis to cephalexin. What is the most appropriate oral antibiotic?
Answer: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole DS BID × 3 days
Rationale: In patients with beta-lactam allergy, TMP-SMX (3-day course) is an appropriate
alternative if local resistance is <20%.
Q5 A 62-year-old male with pyelonephritis is being treated with ciprofloxacin. Which
counseling point is most important?
Answer: "Avoid dairy products and antacids within 2 hours of the dose."
Rationale: Dairy products, calcium, magnesium, and aluminum-containing antacids
significantly reduce absorption of fluoroquinolones by chelation.
Q6 A 34-year-old breastfeeding mother is diagnosed with mastitis. Which antibiotic is
considered first-line?
Answer: Dicloxacillin 500 mg QID × 10–14 days
Rationale: Dicloxacillin (or cephalexin) is preferred for mastitis because it has excellent activity
against Staphylococcus aureus (most common pathogen) and is safe in lactation.
Q7 A 26-year-old female is diagnosed with chlamydia cervicitis. What is the CDC-
recommended first-line treatment in 2026?
Answer: Doxycycline 100 mg BID × 7 days
Rationale: As of the 2021 CDC STI guidelines (still current in 2026), doxycycline is preferred
over azithromycin for urogenital chlamydia due to higher efficacy and lower risk of resistance.
Q8 A pregnant woman at 24 weeks gestation is diagnosed with chlamydia. What is the
recommended treatment?
Answer: Azithromycin 1 g orally as a single dose
2026/2027) Advanced Pharmacology for Care
of the Family – Chamberlain University
Verified Questions & Answers with Detailed
Rationales | A+ Graded
Q1 A 32-year-old female presents with symptoms of urinary tract infection. Which antibiotic is
considered first-line for uncomplicated cystitis in a non-pregnant woman with no recent
antibiotic exposure?
Answer: Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID × 5 days
Rationale: According to current IDSA guidelines (updated through 2026), nitrofurantoin
remains first-line for uncomplicated cystitis in women due to low resistance rates, excellent
urinary concentrations, and minimal impact on gut flora.
Q2 A 28-year-old pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestation is diagnosed with asymptomatic
bacteriuria. What is the preferred treatment?
Answer: Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID × 7 days
Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is safe in pregnancy (except near term due to risk of hemolytic anemia
in the newborn) and is recommended as first-line for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy.
Q3 A 45-year-old male with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (eGFR 42 mL/min) has
recurrent uncomplicated UTIs. Which agent should be avoided?
Answer: Nitrofurantoin
Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated when eGFR <60 mL/min due to risk of pulmonary
toxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and lack of efficacy in low urine concentrations.
, Q4 A 19-year-old female college student presents with acute uncomplicated cystitis. She has a
history of anaphylaxis to cephalexin. What is the most appropriate oral antibiotic?
Answer: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole DS BID × 3 days
Rationale: In patients with beta-lactam allergy, TMP-SMX (3-day course) is an appropriate
alternative if local resistance is <20%.
Q5 A 62-year-old male with pyelonephritis is being treated with ciprofloxacin. Which
counseling point is most important?
Answer: "Avoid dairy products and antacids within 2 hours of the dose."
Rationale: Dairy products, calcium, magnesium, and aluminum-containing antacids
significantly reduce absorption of fluoroquinolones by chelation.
Q6 A 34-year-old breastfeeding mother is diagnosed with mastitis. Which antibiotic is
considered first-line?
Answer: Dicloxacillin 500 mg QID × 10–14 days
Rationale: Dicloxacillin (or cephalexin) is preferred for mastitis because it has excellent activity
against Staphylococcus aureus (most common pathogen) and is safe in lactation.
Q7 A 26-year-old female is diagnosed with chlamydia cervicitis. What is the CDC-
recommended first-line treatment in 2026?
Answer: Doxycycline 100 mg BID × 7 days
Rationale: As of the 2021 CDC STI guidelines (still current in 2026), doxycycline is preferred
over azithromycin for urogenital chlamydia due to higher efficacy and lower risk of resistance.
Q8 A pregnant woman at 24 weeks gestation is diagnosed with chlamydia. What is the
recommended treatment?
Answer: Azithromycin 1 g orally as a single dose
